696 THE PEOPLE'S FARM AND STOCK CYCLOPEDIA. 



getting to it. When the animal begins to get better, give loosen- 

 ing food or flaxseed-meal to bring the bowels into action. If 

 the cough is troublesome, 



Take Tincture of Digitalis, . . . . . \ dram. 



Laudanum, 2 drams. 



Water 2 ounces. 



Mix; give as one dose three times a day. 



Pleurisy. Also called, Pleuritis, Inflammation of the Pleura, 

 etc. The membrane which lines the chest cavity, and also covers 

 the diaphragm and lungs, is called the pleura. And an inflam- 

 mation of this is called pleurisy, etc. 



CAUSES. Sudden changes of the weather ; exposure to the 

 cold; driving an animal until heated, and then standing him in 

 the wind, or in a cold damp stall without blanketing him. Any 

 injury over the ribs sufficient to injure the lining will cause it. 



SYMPTOMS. It usually begins with a chill, followed by fever 

 and a rapid pulse; pressing between the ribs or tapping against 

 them causes pain ; turning the animal quickly causes pain, often 

 causing the animal to grunt or groan. There can also be seen 

 a hollow line running along the lower ends of the ribs and 

 extending back to the flank. If the ear is placed over the seat 

 of the disease in the early stage, a sound like rasping to and 

 fro can be heard. The ears and legs are cold, or alternately hot 

 and cold. If but one side is affected, the affected side will be 

 held as nearly still as possible, which tends to cause the other 

 side to do more than its natural amount of work; this fact 

 causes an increased motion on the sound side, and a decreased 

 action on the affected side ; this is more noticeable in cases where 

 water has collected in the chest on one side only. When water 

 has collected to any great extent in the chest, the breathing 

 becomes quick, shallow, and painful, the muscles of the belly 

 doing a large amount of the work. There is also present a pain- 

 ful hacking cough, and a grunt is given every time air is 

 expelled from the lungs. The animal may lie down, which he 

 seldom does in lung fever. 



TREATMENT. Give the very greatest attention possible to the 

 comfort of the animal; keep the stable well cleaned and well venti- 



