DISEASES OF CATTLE. 903 



the hands. If in the throat, and you fail to move it by rubbing 

 it up and down, place a clevis, or large ring, between the jaws, 

 oil the hand, and try to reach and remove it with the hand. If 

 these fail, and the choking is caused by a solid body, give a 

 dose of oil or lard, oil being preferable. But if it is half-chewed 

 food that is causing the trouble, oil should be given carefully if 

 given at all. If all these attemps are futile, the only resort left 

 is to use a probang which is a long, flexible instrument with 

 a bulb on the end; grease this well and start it down the throat, 

 and, by carefully pressing against the substance, move it from 

 its place, and so pass it into the stomach. The probang is not 

 so successful if choking is caused by partly chewed food, and a 

 pretty long wad is formed in the throat; for pressing against 

 such a mass would only pack it into a shorter but larger plug, 

 and thus make it more serious than before. If there is danger 

 from excessive bloating, puncture, as directed for Hoven. 



Hoven Blown Tympanites Bloated, etc. This 

 is a distention of the stomach with gases. 



CAUSES. Sometimes it is caused by choking. It may result 

 from chronic indigestion, or be a symptom of diseases of the 

 liver, or parturient fever, but the most common causes are a 

 change of food, or turning on wet clover pasture, or even turn- 

 ing on rank clover when dry. Potatoes, turnips, and apples, or 

 their peelings (especially if fed when somewhat frozen), bran, 

 shorts, etc., may cause it. 



SYMPTOMS. In many cases the symptoms are very alarming. 

 The left flank will be swollen to a great extent, and tipping it 

 with the fingers gives a drum-like sound. The breathing is quick- 

 ened, because the gases press upon the lungs, and the pressure 

 in this way may be so great as to cause the death of the animal. 

 The nose sticks out, and sometimes the tongue hangs out of 

 the mouth and the eyes are blood-shot. The animal may 

 now stagger and fall and die, either from the interference with 

 the action of the lungs from rupture of some of the intestines, 

 or from absorption into the blood of some of the poisonous gases, 

 and this fatal termination may follow in a few hours from the 

 first symptoms. 



