DISEASES OF CATTLE. 909 



dropsy, so that it is impossible for it to pass through the outlet, 

 and the only thing that can be done is to let the water out. A 

 long trochar and canula is the best instrument, but a pocket- 

 knife may be used. Sometimes the head is enlarged by dropsy 

 in the same way, and the same treatment is necessary. If in 

 any case the pains begin before the time for the young to be de- 

 livered, give, 



Laudanum, ........ 2 ounces, 



Or Powdered Opium, ...... 2 drams, 



in tepid water, and repeat the dose every half hour, if neces- 

 sary, until relieved. But if, after three or four doses have been 

 given, the pains do not get better, smear the hand with fluid 

 extract of belladonna, pass the hand in, and endeavor to get the 

 fingers into the neck of the womb ; not violently, but gently and 

 gradually. And injecting the parts with pretty warm water will 

 greatly assist you in this. 



In some cases the neck of the womb has lost its elasticity, 

 and will not stretch any more than the mouth of a tied meal- 

 sack. In such a case the only remedy is to cut it at the upper 

 part; but never be in any hurry about using the knife in such 

 cases. This occurs at full time, as well as in the case stated 

 above. Cutting is seldom successful in the mare, but is some- 

 times successful in the cow. 



In some cases at full term the hind feet of the young are 

 presented first. If its back lies to the back of the mother, and 

 both feet are coming, it is not so very difficult; but if its belly 

 lies to its mother's back, it will be very difficult, and no time 

 should be lost in endeavoring to push it back and turn it with 

 its back to the mother's back. To do this, put your hand in 

 along the feet until you can reach the body, if possible, and, 

 while some one pulls at the feet, try to turn it. But if you 

 find it impossible to turn it, attach ropes to the hind legs, and 

 pull on them only when the mother's pains are present, and pull 

 up toward the mother's back, in order to raise the hips of the 

 young over the bones of the mother. You may also assist in 

 thus raising the hips by placing the hand inside, and when the 

 ropes are being pulled endeavor to raise the hips. 



