BEES AND SEE CULTURE. 1143 



PROPOLIS. This is the bee glue. It is gathered from resin- 

 ous buds and varnished furniture. It is collected and carried 

 the same as is pollen. Its function is to seal up crevices, make 

 all tight about the hive, and cover up any obnoxious substance, 

 which can not be removed. The bees will thus entomb mice, 

 bumble-bees, etc. 



Practical Bee-keeping HIVES AND SECTIONS. As the 

 bee-keeper must have hives, and as he can not afford to have 

 different styles in his apiary, an early consideration of hives is 

 desirable. No intelligent bee-keeper, no one who aims at cer- 

 tain success, will use box hives. They permit no examination 

 of the bees, enforce ignorance, and are worse than worthless 

 relics of the olden time. To Rev. L. L. Langstroth, inventor 

 of the first practical movable frame hive, American apiculture 

 is more indebted than to any one else. His great invention is 

 what has lifted apiculture into the proud position which it 

 holds to-day. 



Let it be stated and emphasized right here, that there is nothing 

 at present about the hives used by the ablest and most progressive 

 apiarists that is covered by a patent. The vender of patent hives 

 never finds a listener, even, among our informed bee-keepers. 



LANGSTROTH HIVE. As this is the hive that is almost uni- 

 versally used by bee-keepers, I will 

 describe no other. The hive, as pre- 

 ferred by its inventor (Fig. 11) was 

 rather shallow, with a long, shallow 

 frame. This might be one and one-half 

 or two story, as shown in the figure. 

 In my own experience, after a trial 

 of various forms of hive, I have been 

 most pleased with the square frame. Fia U - LA " 

 The one I prefer is styled the Gallup frame. I will describe 

 the hive that I prefer. 



The body of the hive (Fig. 12, a) is simply a box made of 

 clear pine or white wood, without top or bottom, one foot wide, 

 two feet long, and eleven and one-fourth inches high. One inch 

 from the top of this, about the outside, shoulder strips (Fig. 



