1152 THE PEOPLE'S FARM AND STOCK CYCLOPEDIA. 



On the edge of the face about the cuts, a rim three-eighths of 

 an inch high is formed by tacking on strips of that thickness. 

 On top of this rim a piece of common wire gauze (Fig. 25, a) 

 the size of the feeder, is tacked. To use this, we set the 

 augur hole just above a similar hole in the cloth or honey-board 

 above the brood chamber. As this is the only hole in the cloth 

 the bees can only pass up into the feeder. As the rim raises the 

 wire gauze, the bees can pass freely into all the saw-cuts, but 

 can not pass from the feeder except into the brood chamber. 

 Above the feeder, during the early cold days of spring, a sack 

 of sawdust or chaff may be placed, which serves to keep the heat 

 from escaping from the hive. Between the feeder and this cover 

 I place a piece of shingle or pasteboard, so that the sack will 

 not be daubed after I have fed the bees. 



To feed we have only to remove the cover of the hive, raise 

 the sack, if it is on, and the shingle, and turn the feed right on 

 the wire gauze, when it passes at once to the saw-cuts. If 

 some of the bees are in it, no harm is done, as they can crawl 

 up the partitions and down into the hive, when the other bees 

 will soon clean them of their sugar coating. There are many 

 feeders in use, but for cheapness any planing-mill will saw out 

 the blocks and cut the saw grooves convenience and excellence, 

 I know of no superior to this Smith Feeder. Many who use 

 close bottom boards pour the feed immediately into the hives. 

 Even if I used such hives I should still desire this feeder. 



Bees should always be looked after in the fall so as never 

 to need feeding in winter. If, however, through neglect the 

 bees get out of stores in winter they should be fed solid, not 

 liquid, food. Cakes of the "good candy," yet to be described, 

 may then be placed immediately above the frames under the 

 cloth cover. Grape sugar, or glucose, should never be used as 

 feed for bees. It is unwholesome, and its use and manufacture 

 even should be frowned upon by the apiarist. 



QUEEN REARING. It is not uncommon at any season for the 

 bee-keeper to find that some of his colonies are queenless ; if 

 we practice artificial division, we shall need queens ; if we wish 

 to change the race of our bees we have only to introduce a queen 



