Fraxinus 893 



in its upper half, sometimes almost entire ; upper surface glabrous ; lower surface 

 glandular and glabrous except for some pubescence along the midrib towards the 

 base. Terminal leaflet largest, basal leaflets smallest. Rachis of the leaf with a 

 wide and open shallow groove on its upper side, pubescent in its whole length and 

 bearded at the insertions of the leaflets, the pubescence being continued on the 

 upper side of the petiolules. 



Flowers (section Ornaster) in compact terminal panicles, polygamous, without 

 a corolla; calyx persistent at the base of the samaras, which are long, narrow, 

 and erect on filiform pedicels. 



This is the large ash tree 1 which is common in the mountains about Peking ; 

 and it also occurs in the adjacent parts of Mongolia, and in Manchuria and 

 in northern Korea. It was discovered 1 by Pere D'Incarville in the eighteenth 

 century. Dr. Bretschneider sent seeds to the Arnold Arboretum in 1881, and 

 plants were raised there, which are growing vigorously and promise to become large 

 trees. They had already in 1893 produced flowers and fertile seed. 



The species is remarkably distinct, and is very different from F. chinensis, 

 Roxburgh, of which it has been supposed to be a variety. It appears to be scarcely 

 known in Europe, the only specimens which I have seen being from Tortworth, 

 where small plants are reported to be growing badly ; and from Aldenham, where 

 the foliage of a young tree, growing freely, is remarkable for its large size and glossy 

 appearance. (A. H.) 



FRAXINUS MANDSHURICA 



Fraxinus mandshurica, Ruprecht, Bull. Phys. Math, Acad. Sc. PStersb., xv. 371 (1857); Maximowicz, 

 Prim. Fl. Amurensis, 194, 390 (1859), and Mel. Biol. ix. 395 (1874); Hemsley, Journ. Linn. 

 Soc. (Bot.), xxvi. 86 (1889); Komarov, Fl. Manshurice, Hi. 248 (1907). 



A large tree, attaining 100 feet in height and 12 feet in girth, with bark like 

 that of the European ash. Branchlets glabrous. Leaflets (Plate 266, Fig. 28), seven 

 to thirteen, 3 to 5 inches long, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, or with very short pubescent 

 stalklets, tapering and unequal at the base, long-acuminate at the apex, sharply and 

 irregularly serrate ; glabrescent above ; under surface with scattered coarse hairs 

 on the sides of the midrib and lateral nerves. Leaf-rachis, with dense tufts of rusty- 

 brown tomentum at the nodes, winged, the wings meeting above in part of its length, 

 elsewhere deeply grooved. 2 



Flowers (section Fraxinaster) dioecious, in panicles in the axils of the leaf- 

 scars of the preceding year, without calyx or corolla. Fruit, in loose clusters, 

 oblong-lanceolate, apiculate or emarginate. 



1 See Bretschneider, European Bot. Discoveries in China, 53, 336, 1058 (1 898). There are two ashes in the Peking 

 mountains, one a large tree, F. rhynchophylla ; the other a small shrub, F. Bungeana. 



2 The rachis of the uppermost two leaves is usually fringed at its insertion, close to the terminal bud of the branchlet, 

 with rusty-brown pubescence. 



