1C Gore mine nt Forestry Abroad. [200 



together form one complete institution; Tharand. 

 Tubingen, Karlsruhe, Giesen and Eisenach), but he 

 must cover the same ground as at the institutions 

 which are standard. The technical school is fol- 

 lowed by a year of jurisprudence and political econ- 

 omy at some university, and the young forester then 

 comes up for the first State examination. He must 

 present with his credentials the maps and field notes 

 of a plot surveyed and a level run, as well as a tim- 

 ber map covering at least 1.235 acres, all his own 

 work. The examination itself bears first on forestry, 

 in which it requires a thorough knowledge of the 

 general theory as to silviculture, working plans, cal- 

 culation of the volume and yield of standing timber, 

 its capital and selling 1 value, the utilization of forest 

 produce, forest technology, protection and police, 

 and forest history and literature. In mathematics 

 it demands about what is included up to the second 

 year of one of our colleges, and in surveying the 

 requirements are somewhat larger. Zoology, botany 

 and mineralogy, especially the second, are strongly 

 insisted on, while chemistry, physics and law com- 

 mand a smaller share of attention. 



The examination is followed by at least two years 

 of travel and work, during which the candidate, now 

 promoted to the title of referendar, must perfect 

 himself in the field and office management of a for- 

 est range. For this purpose he is required to spend 

 five months in the practical administration of a 

 range, under the responsibility of an Oberforster, 

 and four months in the preparation of working plans. 

 Half a year, including the months from December to 

 May, is to be passed in the discharge of all the duties 

 of an ordinary forest guard. During this time the 



