28 Government Forestry Abroad. [212 







reserve when these communes or public bodies shall 

 possess at least ten hectares (24.7 acres) of forest. 



The choice of forest guards, made by the class of 

 proprietors in question, must be approved by the 

 Government forest service, which issues their com- 

 missions to the guards. These last stand in all 

 respects on the same footing as the guards of the 

 State forests. 



The sale of wood is made under the direction of 

 the State forest officers, and in the same way as for 

 the State forests. The amount of wood needed for 

 actual use by the members of the community is 

 reserved at the time of sale, and the distribution is 

 made among them with the family as the unit. 



In return for a fixed tax all the operations of con- 

 servation and management in the woods of com- 

 munes and public bodies are carried out by the mem- 

 bers of the State forest service without further 

 charge. 



The object of the reserved quarter (quart en 

 reserve) of the forests of communes and public insti- 

 tutions, mentioned above, is to provide for emergen- 

 cies and special demands upon the treasury of their 

 proprietors, such as damage by fire or flood, the build- 

 ing of a church, a school-house or a public fountain. 



Except when sylvicultural reasons may require it 

 to be cut, such extraordinary necessities alone justify 

 a draught on this simple kind of reserve fund. 



The great majority of the forests owned by the 

 class of proprietors just mentioned are managed 

 under the system of "coppice under standards," a 

 name which literally reproduces the French taillis 

 sous futaie. This method of handling a forest im- 

 plies an upper and a lower store of growth. The basis 



