Henry VII adopted hawthorn for his badge because at the battle of Bos- 

 worth Field the crown of England was stolen from Richard III and hidden 

 in a hawthorn. It was found, however, and the placing of it on the head of 

 Henry immediately after its recovery gave rise to the old proverb, "Cleave to 

 the crown though it hang on a bush." 



No hardy flowering tree gives a finer color effect than the hawthorn, and 

 it is widely used for ornamental purposes. It also makes an attractive street 

 tree when small trees are desired. Its chief objection is its susceptibility to 

 various insects, particularly the San Jose scale. The form is rather irregular, 

 but can be easily trained. Hawthorns are easily transplanted, and flourish in 

 good stiff loam or clayey soil. 



ENGLISH HAWTHORN 



The English hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) is a celebrated hedge form- 

 ing bush which reaches a height of thirty feet as a tree. The old trees have 

 gnarled trunks, and thick bark scored by furrows. The branches carry short, 

 sharp spines and in their winter condition are dense and matted looking. 



The charm of the tree is most apparent in the spring when its branches 

 are decked with tiny nosegays of rose-like flowers which crown the tree with 

 "Mays fair diadem." After the petals fall the once snowy hawthorn assumes 

 a crimson hue due to the myriads of red berries into which the flowers have 

 been transformed. 



The charm of the hawthorn at all seasons of the year has endeared it to 

 the English people. Its place in their lives was observed by Goldsmith who 

 says: 



"The hawthorn bush, with seats beneath its shade, 

 For talking age or whispering lovers made." 



HICKORIES 



The hickories formerly formed extensive forests in Greenland and Europe, 

 but no hickories are now found growing naturally outside of North America. 

 Eleven species are found east of the Rocky Mountains and one in Mexico. 

 The hickories were called walnuts by the early explorers since they resembled 

 the Circassian walnut with which they were familiar. 



The name is taken after the Indian word "Pawcohiccora," which was a 

 dressing eaten with hominy, made from the milk of pounded hickory nuts. 



(75) 



