62 



Axi:\rAL Castration 



Fig. 45 — Entering the Abdominal Cavity by Perforating the Thin Abdominal Wall. 

 A, Right Hand in the Inguinal Canal; B. Peritoneum Perforator in Action; C, Incision; 

 D, Left Hand Manipulating Perforator. 



(c) E)iterhi(j Abdoiiiiiidl ('(iritjj from bujniual Canal — With 

 the internal abdominal ring as one guide, we select a site one inch 

 above and one inch in front of it, where we proceed with peri- 

 toneum perforator to rupture through the thin abdominal wall, 

 which at this point consists of the transversalis fascia and peri- 

 toneum, as we are now above the upper border of the internal 

 oblique muscle. This affords us access to the abdominal cavity. 

 This perforation should not exceed oue inch in length. 



(d) Locating the Spcriiiafir Cord — With the index and second 

 finger enlarge, by stretching, the alxlominal i)erf oration sufficiently 

 to admit both fingers (see Fig. 46). The cord (C) is almost in- 

 variably located within two inches of the abdominal perforation 

 (F). To find the cord, pass the second finger downwards against 



