xvi First Report on Economic Zoology 



Mammals — contimied (iv) For fat, soaps and oil — -whales and porpoises, wild 



pigs and bears ; spermaceti from sperm whale, 

 (v) For scents — musk from a gland in the skin of 

 abdomen of male musk deer (Moschus moscliiferns) in 

 India and used as a stimulant medicinally, and scent 

 from civets (Vivcrra) ; ambergris from sperm whale 

 {Physeta macrocephahcs). 



GEO UP B. 



Animals Bred or Domesticated by Man for Food, or for the 

 use of their Products in Industry, or for their Services as 

 living things. 



This group is related to the organisation of hnman society in com- 

 munities possessing fixed dwellings, fields, stock -yards, etc. The animals 

 here comprised are captured, bred and reared by man. The purposes of 

 this domestication by man are diverse, and the group may be broken up 

 into sub-groups or sections accordingly, but they are of very unequal 

 size. The chief purposes of man's domestication of animals are : (a) the 

 provision of food for himself ; (b) the provision of beasts of burden ; 

 (f) the provision of assistance or companions in the chase (hounds, 

 feiTets, cheetah, etc.) ; (cI) the provision of guardians for flocks, house 

 and other property ; (e) the provision of animals which shall amuse and 

 delight their owner either by brilliant plumage and colour, song (birds), 

 or by courage and skill in fighting (gamecocks, fighting fish) ; (/) the 

 provision of hides, wool, fat, bone and other products, such as wax, honey, 

 silk and cochineal ; (g) the utilisation of the animal as a surgical agent 

 (the leech). 



Sl'evet of Sub-group (a) of Geoup B. 



ANIMALS BRED OR DOMESTICATED FOR THE PROVISION OF FOOD. 



Protozoa None. 



Porifera None. 



Coelentera None. 



Echinoderma None. 



Platyhelmia None. 



Nemertina None. 



Nematoda None. 



Chsetopoda None. 



Crustacea Lobsters in Newfoundland ; crayfish in France. 



Arachnida None. 



Hexapoda Bees (Honey). 



Chilopoda None. 



Dilopoda None. 



MoUusca Several kinds of molluscs are cultivated, such as oysters 



{Osfrea edulis), cockles (Cardium edule), mussels {My- 

 tilus edulis), snails in parts of Europe {Helix ;pomatia). 



Tunicata None. 



Fish Several fish are cultivated and bred for food (and sport) — 



salmon (SaZwio salar), trout {Salvw fario, S. hvene'nsis), 

 rainbow trout {Sahno iridens), land-locked salmon 

 (S. sebago), whitefish (Coj-egcmns albus and C. clupei- 

 formis), the shad {Chipea sapidissima), carp {Cyprinus 

 carpio). 



