xiv First Report on Economic Zoology. 



Crustacea All groups are eaten. Even cirrhipedes (PoUicipcs) are 



sold in the market at Madrid and Balamis psittactts in 

 South America. 



Arachnida Onlj' by uncivilised man. 



Hexapoda Locusts in countries where they abound (Greece and 



N. S. Wales) ; larvae of aquatic insects and midges are 

 compressed into cakes in Africa (Kunga cakes) ; bees 

 (honey) ; the grubs of palm weevils [Rhyncliophorus 

 jiahnannn) are eaten by natives of India and Burma. 

 Manna produced by scale-insects (Gossyparia mannipara 

 in Arabia) ; ants eaten in India ; Bugong moths eaten 

 in Australia ; the Chinese eat the chrysalids of the 

 silk moths. Karens eat cicadas ; Kaffirs and East 

 Indians cook termites, and also eat them raw. 



Chilopoda By South American Indians. 



Diplopoda None. 



Mollusca ... Examples of aU groups are eaten either raw or cooked by 



both civilised and uncivilised people (oysters, Ostrca 

 cdulis, 0, parasitica ; clams, My a urenaria, species of 

 Mactra and Vcmis and Razor shells, Ensis Americana ; Ark 

 shells, Area and Codakia in America and West Indies). 

 Piddocks (Pholas) are eaten in Normandy ; snails (Helix 

 aspersa) in France ; Bulimus ovatus is sold as food in 

 Rio Janeiro ; whelks [Buccinum) and limpets (Patella) 

 in Europe ; even sea slugs (Aplysia) are eaten in the 

 South Sea Islands. 



Tunicates One species, Cynthia viicrocosmus, is eaten raw and 



cooked by the Adriatic fishermen. 



Fishes All kinds are eaten, even in civilised countries. Fish fins 



and fish maws eaten by Chinese, and isinglass obtained 

 from swim-bladders of sturgeons and other fish. 



Amphibians Frogs only are eaten both in Europe (Rana esculcnta) and 



India (croaking and spangled frogs). 



Reptiles Many lizards (Iguana tiibcrculata in West Indies, 



I. delicatissima in S. America, water lizards, Varamts 

 dracxna, in India, and others) are eaten by civilised 

 man ; also chelonians, as the green turtle, Chclonc 

 midas, and the hawksbill, C. itnbricata. Alligators are 

 eaten by Indians, and crocodiles by Siamese. Snakes 

 are eaten by Australian aborigines. 



Birds All kinds eaten except birds of prey and fish-eating birds. 



Eggs of some wild species, as plovers and gulls. Nests 

 formed by swiftlets (Collocaliafucijyhaga and C.francica) 

 used for soups by Chinese. 



Mammals All except the carnivora are eaten; but civilised man is 



more selective than uncivilised man, and refuses as a 

 rule to eat mammals not belonging to the Ruminantia, 

 excepting the pigs, hares, rabbits, sometimes horse, and 

 occasionally his dog. The manatee is eaten in West 

 Indies ; the fox bat (Pteropiis cdulis) in Malay ; white 

 whale (Delphinaptcrus leucas) in Greenland and Siberia. 

 Various marsupials — the koala (Pliascolarctuscinercus) ; 

 wallabies and kangaroos (Macroptis) ; rabbit-bandicoot 

 (Peragalc lagotis), etc. 



Survey of Sub-group (^) of Group A. 



ANIMALS PURSUED FOR THEIR ECONOMIC PRODUCTS. 



Protozoa None. 



Porifera Sponges (grass sponge, Hippospongia equina ; wool sponges, 



H. cfpiina, variety gossypina ; Zimocca sponge, S. 



zimocca ; yellow sponge, variety corlosia, and others) 



are collected in manj' parts, as West Indies, Florida, 



Mediterranean. 



