Keporfs to flic BoarJ of .1 i^ricitlturc. 27 



weru slirivt*lle«l ami kille«l, n.s also \sm\-m the two I'sylla e;;j;H ; some of 

 the fonner, however, hail liatche«l out. VatjUa mail has l)een most 

 •lest met ive «luiiu«,' the past season, Intth in Worcestershire and 

 Heivfonlshiiv, and lias W'eu nioi-e or less ti-ouhlesome in Kent. 



For these two \)ests a conil>ine«l wash of paniflin emulsion and 

 sulphur should he used. Onliuarv i)anithn emulsion may l>e made 

 hy mixini; enual ]M)rtions of iMtilini; soft soap .solution and parntfm 

 toj^ether, and then ihurnin;; them up hy means of a force pump until 

 a civamy emulsion is pixMlucetl. When ix'i[uiivd for u.se, this may ht* 

 mixwl with twenty-tive times its hulk of warm water. 



To ever)' three <,':dlou.s of this dilute emulsion, add one ounce of 

 liver of sulphur and well mix. Spray in a tine spniy, so that every 

 luirl of the tree is wette<l. 



(ii) The only thing to do after the huds have hurst to destroy 

 mus,sel .scale is to wash with pamttin emulsion two or three times 

 durinij the late spring' and early summer. Commence at end of 

 April — if jxtssihle a hxtk out should he kept— and as soon as any 

 signs of the yovmg active .scjile in.sects are noticed crawling' aUnit 

 the trees washing should Ihj canied out ; the comnling elfect of 

 pjindhn emulsion is not great on the mature .scales, hut it soon 

 destn)ys the immature forms. 



The wash re'commende«l for the two former insects will do also 

 for this .scale. 



Aphides (.1. ///'///, Fal.r.) on Apple Trees. 



Some insects sent hy a coiTesiwudent of the IJoanl from Cheshan> 

 proved to Ikj the Ai)ple Aphis (yl;>Aw inali), wliich has l»een doing an 

 enonnous amount of danuige this .season (11I02) in the Sttulh of 

 England — nuiny orchanls l»eing covered hy them. Stej)s shi>uld be 

 taken as .so«»n as the plant lice are .seen to (K'sin»y them. Tiiis can 

 easily l>e done if the leaves are* not t<M) far « mlid up, hut evni then 

 some gixnl can Ihj done hy spniying. 



The Ijest wash to advi.st* for this Aphis is soft soap and t[uassia, hui 

 if the o|»cmtor has projH'r sprayers, iKinitlin emulsion. It slundd lie 

 |)ointe<l out that the wash must go on the iinder surface of the leaves. 

 Two washings, aV a few days' interval, are usually neces.sarj' for thi.» 

 pest. 



This jd'si was also u-jMiiit-ii as ii«'in;4 tiinsi(UM"ahle damage at 

 Tunhriilge Wells, and also fn»m (ilazehnmk, near Manchester. 



