64 First Report on Economic Zoology. 



/3. OcELLANA, Schiff, ; + Lariciana, Hein. 

 = zellerana, Brgmn. 



lariciana, Hein, Schm. Deutsch. Tortr., 206, No. 371 (1863). 

 SpiJonota lariciana, Kuaggs, Ent. Ann., 1866, 166 (1865). 

 Eedya lariciana, Brit. Ent. Mo. Mag., X., 66 (1873). 

 Traetocera ocellana, Tern, Mass. Agr. Exp. Stn. Bull., 12 (1891). 

 Tmetocera ocellaua, Ltnr., Can. Ent., XXIII., 231-2 (1891); Rept. N.Y. 



VII. (1891). 

 Tmetocera ocellana, Fletcher, Rp. Dp. Agr, Can., 1891, 195 (1891). 

 Tmetocera ocellana, Slingerland, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stn., Ent. Div., 



Bull. 50, 3-29, figs. 1-8, III. (1893). 

 Tmetocera ocellana, Slingerland, Cornell Univ. Agri. Exp. Stn., Div. Ent., 



Bull. 107, 57-66, figs. 32-39 (1896). 

 Tmetocera ocdlana, Ltnr, U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent. (n.s.). Bull. 6, 54, 



N.Y. (1896). 

 Tmetocera ocellana, Sndrs., U.S. Dept. Agri., Div. Ent. (x.s.) Bull. 26, 69 



(1900). 



How THE Test may be Detected. 



The presence of this fruit pest may be detected by the early 

 destruction of the developing buds, which on partly opening are seen 

 to be eaten and shrivelled and which soon tmii Ijrown ; these buds 

 will be found to contain a small reddisli-brown caterpillar, the cause 

 of the injuiy. Later the damage is still more noticeable, the opening 

 leaf and blossom being spun together, for both leaf and blossom buds 

 are attacked. There may frequently be noticed a gummy appearance 

 of the opening leaflets. The larva enters the bud, if it has not 

 already burst, by eating down between the bracts, and there, as 

 described ]jy KoUar, a drop of sap forms which tends to hold the bud 

 intact and to stop it from bursting ; in any case if it does open the 

 young leaves soon shrivel and tmn brown. During the past summer, 

 trees, especially cheriy, have been quite ruined in this way. More 

 usually, many of the buds fully open, leaf and blossom appearing as 

 usual, the caterpillars later spinning the bunches of leaves and 

 blossoms into a mass with silk. These leaf nests frequently die right 

 away and turn Ijrown in a very characteristic manner. Slingerland 

 states that in America the larvae also sometimes " l^un'ow down the 

 stalk for two or three inches, causing it to die." This habit has not 

 so far been observed in England ; in all cases the larva boring down 

 the top shoots of apple and pear has proved to be that of the Pith 

 Moth {Laverna atra) {vide p. 68). When nearly mature the Bud 

 Moth larva forms more or less of a tube by rolling up a leaf and 

 roughly lines it with loose silk. The caterpillar at first only uses 

 this tube as a shelter from which it emerges to feed, gradually 

 dra^ving the neighboming leaves together by silken cords. From 



