77/6' Biiiidci/ riiic U'ccinl. 



1 1 



Muy iiiul airaiii in Aui,'ust, and So^)tomU'i. Tlieiv secins t«j l»e oue 

 biXHxl uuly iu the year. 



Tlio female Ixvlle lays her egj^s sin^'ly, daily or at intervals of 

 a few days, egg-layiug lasting over a i>eriod of several weeks up to 

 two months. The eggs aix» generally 

 laid just alx)ve the root up to as much 

 as six feot al)Ove the ground. Egg- 

 laying commences early in April and in 

 May and may occur again in the autumn, 

 hut usually the females ovi})»)sit in the 

 spring. This Inx'tle pivfei"s four to eight 

 year old plants, l»ut may attack those 

 of much i,Teater a^e. The larva? eat 

 their way Ijetween the wood and the 

 bark, forming slightly winding passages 

 which inci-ease in size as the larvae 

 grow. A\lien mature they construct 

 oval fil»rous coctxms composed of wood tihivs in which they pupate. 

 Tlie lan-ie also live inside pine cones, which they turn yellowish- 

 grey. As many as three larv;e may occur in a single cone. Attacked 

 plants may Ix? told by small drops of turi>entine on the bark and by 

 the premature death of the needles. The winter is passe<l in the 

 l»eetle stage and also in the larval and pupal stages. Tlie l)eetles 

 hil>ernate in the chinks of the bark, as near the inner bark as 

 jKxssible, mostly where the root and trunk join, generally al>ove 

 ground, but sometimes l>elow. 



Fig. 14. 



Pine cone damaged by Pittoda 

 nolatut. 



PltF.VENTIUN ANK TltKAT.MENT. 



As there is no doulit that the Htflohius is often followed by this 

 rissodes, and that the latter does not often occur without the former, 

 stejw should l>c taken to destroy the Hijlohiux if it cjccurs ; then the 

 Pissoilcs will cease to increase. 



Tlie causes of Ififhbius attack are (1) leaving old stumps in ihe 

 ground and dead felled timU-r alK>ut ; (2) the presence of sickly 

 ti-ces from either (a) bad planting, (i>) unkindly soil, or (c) growing 

 the trees t<x) clo.se together. 



Destruction of all disease<l timi^er (roots and all) when lana* and 

 puiw are in the tixw in May and June should always Ik? carefully 

 attende<i to. 



Laying newly cut stems of pine in «»i>on parts in April and May 



