56 



CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK AND CO^n'LETE STOCK DOCTOR. 



keeled and its upper part projects so as to be plainly outlined in what 

 Is called the point of the breast, that part wliich the lower portion of the 

 collar just covers. 



The Hinder Limbs. — The Hinder 

 Limbs are the ^jropelling power of 

 all animals, and especially so in the 

 horse. Hence the haunches are 

 strong and the upper portion is pow- 

 erfully developed in muscle, and the 

 lower correspondingly so in ten- 

 dons. The illustration will give a 

 perfect view, and the exj^lanation the 

 proper names of the parts. 



The names and reference to the 

 letters and figures are as follows : 

 a, Sacrum ; b, Ilium ; c. Ischium. 

 These bones constitute the Pelvis, as 

 seen at a, d, c, and b, b. The other 

 bones are : e, Femur ; f , Patella ; 

 g. Tibia; h, Fibula; i, Tarsus; j, 

 Metatarsus ; k, Digit. The figures 

 1, 2, 3, refer to the Phalanges of 

 the foot, corresponding to the toes 

 in man. 



The Haunch or Pelvis.— The Pel- 

 vis is made up of six bones, three 

 on each side, all firmly united into 

 one. The Ilium is strongly attached 

 to the Sacral vertebrae, and may be 

 called the keystone of the pelvic arch, 

 while the lateral prolongations of the Ilium produce the prominences just 

 above and in front of the hind-quarters. The Ischium or hip-bone is a 

 backward continuation of the Ilium, and bears an enlargement which 

 projects on each side a little below the tail. The pubis is a single bone 

 and is connected with the others, forming an inverted arch with them, 

 and composing the upper surface of the lower part of the pelvis. 

 rv. Comparative Anatomy of Man and the Horse. 



The anatomy or bony structure of the horse is not so widely different 

 from that of man as at first sight it would seem to be. Indeed, it was 

 discovered by Aristotle in the days of the ancient Greeks that the horse, 

 though a hoof ed, and apparently a siugle-toed animal, actually has the 



r.ONK8 OF UINUER I'AKTS. 



