454 CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK AND COMPLETE STOCK DOCTOR. 



IV. Horae Pox or Equine Variola. 



Nearly all animals have a pox peculiar to their kind, although all forms 

 of pox sccni to be closely allied. They are all contagious from one ani- 

 mal to another of the same species, and usually among the different 

 species to a greater or less extent. Having any of the different kinds of 

 variola once, gives immunity from subsequent attacks of the other kinds, 

 for a number of 3^ears at least. Kine pox, taken either by inoculation 

 from the cow or by vaccination, confers immunity, to a great extent, from 

 small pox. Horse pox appears to be identical with kine pox ; the one can 

 not be distinguished from the other when inoculated into man, ox or 

 horse. 



Horse pox usually attacks the limbs, but sometimes the face, mouth, lips, 

 flanks and other parts of the body. 



How to know ii. — There is slight fever, which is often unnoticed ; heat 

 and swelling of the affected part for a day or two ; then hard nodules 

 form, increasing in size to about half an inch in diameter ; the hair ruffles 

 up and the skin reddens around the pock ; on the ninth to the twelfth day, a 

 limpid, yellowish fluid flows from the pustules, and sticks the hair up in 

 yellowish scabs or streaks, on the removal of which a red, raw depression is 

 seen with the scab fixed in its center. In three or four days the secretion 

 ceases, the pustules dry up, and the part heals and the scabs come off. 



The most active virus is the lymph that runs from the pustules. It is 

 readily carried from horse to horse by the grooms on their hands or 

 clothes. It sometimes exists to almost to an epizootic extent in some 

 localities. The grooms often get inoculated and have the horse pox, 

 which saves them the trouble of being vaccinated. 



What to do. — It must run its course, so all that is necessary is to give 

 laxative diet ; keep the parts clean by bathing with warm water once or 

 twice a day, and grease them over, when dry, to prevent itching and pain 

 from the scabs getting too hard and dry. If the fever should run high 

 and the appetite suffer, and the urioe become dark and scanty, give 

 recipe No. 23. 



V. Surra. 



This is an acute fever of equines, which affects not only horses and 

 cattle, but various other animals — goats and ducks being immune. It 

 ha.s long been known to the English veterinarians, especially in India, 

 occurring just after the rainy season. It is most violent in the low, 

 flooded lands along canals, rivers, and lakes. Its existence in North and 

 South America is limited. 



Causes. — The essential cause of the disease is parasitic. It nnist be 

 borne in mind that the mature parasite appears in the blood, at intervals 

 in swarms, and that examination at a particular time of the day may 



