DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS. 463 



will ; also, a long rest. Avoid diuretic medicine ever after, as the part* 

 once affected are more tender and susceptible. 



IV. Paralysis of the Bladder. 



Causes. — Long continued distension of the bladder from the urine bein^ 

 held, as in lockjaw, rheumatism or any disease that confines the horse to 

 a Ijniig position. 



How to know it. — The urine dribbles away as it is formed, and decom- 

 poses, setting free ammonia, which scalds all parts it comes in contact 

 with ; the urine scalds the sheath and the inner sides of the thighs and 

 legs. This disease often results in inflammation of the bladder, and 

 sometimes follows partial paralysis. 



What to do. — If the trouble originates from paralysis, give that its 

 proper treatment and draw off the urine several times a day with a catheter 

 to prevent distension. 



V. Eversion of the Bladder. 



Causes. — This affects only females, and results where labor is very 

 protracted, or from straining in cystitis ; the bladder is forced back in 

 the pelvis and turned wrong side out. 



How to know it. — The bladder will be seen protruding from the lower 

 part of the vulva, a round, red, fleshy looking substance, and the entrance 

 of the ureters (tubes from the kidneys) will be plainly seen near the neck 

 of the l)ladder, with the urine dripping from them. 



What to do. — Bathe the bladder with tepid water and laudanum in the 

 proportion of an ounce of laudanum to a pint of water ; then press it 

 gently and continuously till it is returned to its place. Great care will be 

 needed to avoid pushing the fingers through the walls of the bladder, 

 especially after it has been out some time and become swollen. If it is 

 inclined to come out again, after being returned to its place, put on a 

 compress to hold it in. 



VI. Spasm of the Neck of the Bladder. 



Causes. — It is caused by long retention of urine when the horse is 

 being driven or ridden ; nervous irritation ; becoming chilled when 

 heated. It is a common occurrence during colic, the urine flowing freely 

 when the colic subsides ; males are more subject to it than females. 



How to know it. — Frequent attempts to pass water, which is forced 

 out in small quantities by great straining ; colicky pains ; looking at the 

 flanks ; tenderness in the lower back part of the belly ; by introducing 

 the hand into the rectum, the bladder will be felt full and distended on 

 the floor of the pelvis. 



