POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES. 565 



opsoni suits, two to four ounces ; after an hour, give iodide of potash, 

 two or three drachms ; accompany these with occasional doses of opium 

 in drachm doses ; put mustard paste to the belly ; and use large quanti- 

 ties of flaxseed tea, 



Nitrate of potash, in large doses, is an irritant poison, causing gastro- 

 enteritis, (with vomition in pigs), injected membranes, inflammation of 

 the gullet, colic, etc., and it has a powerful sedative action on the heart. 

 Give linseed oil, and follow it with flaxseed tea and whisky; put mus- 

 tard paste to the belly and over the gullet. 



Common salt (or sodium chloride ) , in large quantities, acts as a corrosive, 

 irritant poison, causing gastro-enteritis, injected mucous membranes, 

 diarrhcea, weak and irritable pulse and excessive thirst ; also vomition in 

 dogs and pigs. Give milk and eggs, with a drachm of opium every three 

 or four hours ; if there is abnormal pain, apply mustard paste externally. 



Sulphur is an irritant poison, causing diarrhoea, gastro-enteritis, ema- 

 ciation, and ebullitions of sulphuretted hydrogen gas from the anus, 

 (foul wind-breaking). Give a dose of oil, with opium ; also starch gruel, 

 both internally and as an injection. 



Strychnia is to be treated for the same as nux vomica. 



Turpentine is an irritant poison, causing gastro-enteritis, strangury of 

 the kidneys, quick and hard pulse, diarrhcea, and a violet odor and high 

 color to the urine. Give a small dose of oil, with opium, starch gruel, 

 and laudanum, both internally and as an injection ; put hot cloths to the 

 loins. 



Wliite Hellebore y (yeratimm album) is an irritant poison, causing vomi- 

 tion in dogs and pigs ; in the horse, intermittent pulse, gastro-enteritis, 

 diarrhoea, spasms of the superficial muscles, salivation and great prostra- 

 tion. It is liable to be absorbed from the skin as well as taken internally, 

 doing the same amount of damage in either case. Give eggs and milk in 

 large quantities, and small doses of olive oil and sweet spirits of nitre. 



m. Poisoning While Grazing. 



Acorns when eaten in large quantities, cause gastro-enteritis ; consti- 

 pation, followed by fluid foeces ; offensive breath ; glazed eyes ; quick, 

 wiry pulse ; discharges from the nose ; and gnashing of the teeth. Post 

 mortem examination discovers acorns in the stomach ; inflammation of the 

 coats of that organ and of the bowels ; and, sometimes, ecchymosis and 

 gangrene. Ir; the case of cattle, rumenotomy must be performed to 

 remove the undigested acorns. For horses, etc., give oil and gruel, ^Wth 

 laudanum, and follow these with gentian root, in two to four drachm 

 doses, three times a day. 



