CATTLE. 



CHAPTER I. 

 EARLY HISTORY AND TYPICAL BREEDS OP CATTLE. 



1. WILD AND SEMI -WILD HERDS. II. THE FIRST CHRONICLERS AND BREEDERS OF 



CATTLE. III. THE ORIGINAL TYPE. IV. UNDOMESTICATED HERDS OF 



EUROPE AND ASIA. V. SPANISH- AMERICAN BREEDS. VI. THE DEVONS. 



VII. THE IIEREFORDS. VIII. THE DURHAM OR TEESWATER BREED. IX. 



IRISH CATTLE. X. SCOTCH AND HIGHLAND CATTLE. XI. SWISS CATTLE. 



XII. DUTCH CATTLE. XIII. FOSSIL CATTLE. XIV. THE WILD CATTLE 



OF ENGLAND. XV. NATIVE DISTRICTS OF SOME BREEDS. 



I. Wild and Semi-Wild Herds. 



Where homed cattle first existed in a wild state is utterly unknown, 

 and their origin is equally uncertain. There are a number of species of 

 the same genus — the genus Bos — existing in a wild state ; such as the 

 Bison, misnamed Buffalo, of America, and the true Buffalo of Africa. 

 There are, also, so-called wild cattle which roam in vast herds in North 

 and South America, and in some parts of Europe and Asia. These, 

 however, as well as all others of the genus Bos Taurus, to which our 

 present domesticated cattle belong, are, when found wild, the descend- 

 ants of animals which escaped from the control of man at some period, 

 more or less remote. 



II. The first Chroniclers and Breeders of Cattle. 



Jubal, the son of Lamech, who lived in the time of Adam, is recorded 

 in Scripture as being "the father of such as have cattle." Still, it can- 

 not be assumed that Jubal' s cattle were in any way identical with the 

 domestic ox of later times, for the word "cattle" is used by the early 

 Scriptural writers to denote nearly all grazing animals, including sheep 

 and goats. Job, however, who lived more than two thousand years 

 before Christ, is distinctly spoken of as the possessor of one thousand 

 yokes of oxen. Homer, eighteen hundred years before the Christian era, 

 wrote celebrating the noble bullocks, with golden knobs on the tips o^ 

 their horns, and he minutely describes the manner of fastening the knobs 

 Juno, among the pagan goddesses, is called ox-eyed, from the cleame? 

 and liquid expression of those features. Jeremiah, sixty-two years befor, 



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