THE BREEItfNG OF CATTLE. 647 



quality of their beef. In more Northern regions the Galloways may justly 

 be regarded as the best among our beef breeds. But they will never 

 compare with the Short-Horns or Heref ords in milder regions where feed 

 is abundant. 



Vm. Breeding for Milk. 



If milk be the sole object, the breeder will choose the Ayrshires, the 

 Jerseys or the Holsteins. Of these the Holsteins give the largest quan- 

 tity of milk, are the largest cattle and they make heavy beef when dry. 

 They are the best for cheese, and are, also, the most profitable when the 

 milk is to be sold directly to the consumer. The Ayrshires come next in 

 the quantity of milk given, and they are, also, excellent both for butter 

 and cheese. The Jerseys, Alderneys, and Guernseys are smaller cattle 

 than either the Holsteins or Ayrshires, but, for their size, they give large 

 quantities of milk that is extremely rich in cream and butter. But they 

 require more feed in proportion to their size than either the Ayrshires 

 or Holsteins. 



rx. Breeding for Labor. 



Where animals capable of performing labor are desired, either the 

 Herefords or the Devons should be selected. For heavy draft, such as 

 hauling great logs in the timber, the Herefords are excellent cattle. 

 For general utility on the farm, and on the road, the Devons arc supe- 

 rior to any other known breed, since they combine great activity with 

 muscular s*;rength, and the ability to go long distances at a quick j^ace, 

 without Qistress. The Holsteins also make excellent draft animals, and 

 to our thinking are among the best, where many purposes, milk being 

 the most important, are to be considered. 



X. The Breeds for Beef and Milk. 



For the two purposes of milk and beef combined, the milking strains of 

 the Short-Horn family are the best. It is a pity that the noble breed of 

 milking cattle, known formerly as the Patton stock, should hnve been 

 practically lost. Forty years ago they were the staunch, excellent Short- 

 Horns of the West, good at the pail, large, smooth-framed and Idndly 

 fatteners. The farmer who wishes to breed similar cattle, may easily do 

 so by selecting the better milkers of the importation of 1817 — the "old 

 Seventeens" as they are called. But be sure you do not get animals 

 of this race with "top crosses" of the now fashionable Short-Horns. 

 They will make beef but not milk. 



The Holsteias should not be passed over in naming cattle for general 

 utility, especially in the West and Southwest. They are abundant and 

 uniform milkers, and good feeders. They make more than fait working 



