732 CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK AND COMPLETE STOCK DOCTOR. 



III. Points of the Galloway. 



Mr. L. B. Allen gives, on the autnonty of an eminent judge and 

 breeder, the characteristics of this breed, as follows : 



The Galloway cattle are straight and broad in the back, and nearly 

 level from the head to the rump. They are round in the ribs, and also 

 between the shoulders and the ribs, and the ribs and the loins. They 

 are broad in the loin, without any large projecting hook bones. In round- 

 ness of barrel, and fullness of ribs, they will compare Avith any breed, and 

 also in the proportion which the loins bear to the hook bones, or protu- 

 berances of the ribs. When viewed from above, the whole body appears 

 beautifully rounded, like the longitudinal section of a roller. They are 

 long in the quarters and ribs, and deep in the chest, but not broad in the 

 twist. The slightest inspection will show that there is less space between 

 the hook or hip bones and the ribs than in most other breeds, a consider- 

 ation of much importance, for the advantage of length of carcass consists 

 in the animal being well ribbed home, or as little as possible lost in the 

 flank. 



IV. The Limbs and the Head. 



The Galloway is short in the leg, and moderately fine in the shank 

 bones, — the happy medium seems to be preserved in the leg, which 

 secures hardihood and a disposition to fatten. With the same cleanness 

 and shortness of shank, there is no breed so large and muscular above the 

 knee, while there is more room for the deep, broad and capacious chest. 

 He is clean, not fine and slender, l)ut well proportioned in the neck and 

 chaps ; a thin and delicate neck would not correspond with the broad 

 shoulders, deep chest, and close, compact form of the breed. The neck 

 of the Galloway bull is thick, almost to a fault. The head is rather 

 heavy ; the eyes are not prominent, and the ears are large, rough, and full 

 of long hairs on the inside. 



V. The Skin. 



The Galloway is covered with a loose, mellow skii. of medium 

 thickness, which is clothed with long, soft, silky hair. The skin is 

 thinner than that of the Leicestershire, but not so fine as the hide of the 

 improved Durham breed, but it handles soft and kindly. Even on the 

 moorland farms, where the cattle, during the greater part of the year, 

 are fed on the scantiest fare, it is remarkable how little their hides in- 

 dicate the privations they endure. 



VI. The Color. 



The prevailing and fashionable color is black — a few are of a dark 

 fcindle brown, and still fewer are speckled with white spots, and some 



