746 CVCLOI'EDIA Ol- LIVE STOCK AND COMPLETK STOCK DOCTOR. 



the "vessel" apart in one direction, and about one-half the other. 

 When the udder is not distended, they should hang perpendicularly. 

 Large teats, however desirable to the milker, are usually accompanied b^ 

 coarseness of build in the cow. They are seldom found on well-bred 

 animals, yet exceptionally they occur, and are much liked. A teat should 

 be large enough to gras[), say from two to two and a half inches in 

 length. A shorter one would be an objection ; with larger, I should feai 

 coarseness. 



XIX. Color Style and Condition. 



In color the Ayrshiro.s vary greatly. Brown, red, and white appears 

 to good advantage, and is fashionable. A good quantity of white, well 

 distributed, adds style and showincss to the animal. Yellow and white is 

 frequently seen, yet while this color is sometimes stated as indicating lack 

 of hardiness, I am not aware of any proofs or argument having been 

 brought forward to support this view. Color is as yet a matter of taste, 

 for its correlations are hardly guessed at; and from almost pure black, 

 through the reds to almostpure white, are colors found on the best cows. 

 Black spots on the skin, barely perceptible through the hair, often occur 

 on the best cattle. Strawl)erry blotched and red and white are perhaps 

 the more common colors. A self-colored animal, or a roan, or animal 

 with white on the ears, the writer has never yet seen among the Ayr- 

 shires in Scotland or in this country, when the pedigree was unques- 

 tionable. 



The carriage should be light and active, the head well up, and the hind 

 legs should not cross in walking. The condition should be neither fat 

 nor lean, but that average which a good cow holds when in good flesh at 

 calving, liberally fed while in milk. 



In selecting Ayrshires, if these points are attended to, and if the 

 breeder has carefully studied what we have previously Avritten m relation 

 to raising cattle in general, there will be no ditiiculty about the selection 

 of superior animals. 



DRINKING APPARATUS FOR CALVES RUBBER TEAT, 



