816 CYCLOPEDIA OF LIVE STOCK AND COMPLETE STOCK DOCTOB. 



local inflammation which is circumscribed and slight on a certain number 

 of animals inoculated; extensive and difl'use, with general reaction propor- 

 tioned to the local disease, and complicated by gangrenous accidents on 

 another number of inoculated animals, so that even death may result. 

 3. The inoculation of the liquid from the lungs of an animal affected with 

 pleuro- pneumonia exerts a preservative influence, and invests the economy 

 of the larger number of animals subjected to its influence with an immunity 

 which protects them from the contagion of this malady, during a period 

 which has yet to be determined." 



The losses sustained during the experiments of the Commission amounted 

 to 11.11 per cent. The number of animals on which the effect of inocula- 

 tion was benignant, was 61.11 per cent.; the proportion in which there 

 was gangrene and loss of a portion of the tail, 27. 77 per cent. ; in twenty- 

 one subjects the inflammation was very severe, and complicated by gan- 

 grenous phenomena, causing the death of six; and, lastly, the recoveries 

 amounted to 88.88 per cent. 



The place recommended to insert the virus is on the end of the tail, it 

 being less liable to work violently, and terminate fatally from gangrene, 

 when inserted there than at any other part. 



n. Rinderpest, or ContagiouB Enteric Fever. 



General Description. — Whatever may be said to the contrary, this 

 terrible plague has never yet been introduced into any of the countries of 

 the American hemisphere. At least, there is no well authenticated record 

 of any case. Its ravages have been mostly confined to the herds of Europe 

 and Asia, and especially to those of the southern portion of European 

 Russia and adjacent districts. It is devoutly to be hoped it never will find 

 its way to America, for it is terribly contagious, desperately fatal, and 

 swift in its work of death. Where it originally started is not known. In 

 Southern Russia, on the Asiatic steppes, in various parts of India, in 

 Southern and Southwestern China, Cochin China, in Mongolia, Burmah, 

 Hindostan, Persia, Thibet and Ceylon, it has long been known, and has 

 been carried thence to various European States. 



The principle of contagion has not yet been discovered, but when once 

 an animal is affected, it extends to every tissue and secretion. It is, how- 

 ever, mostly contained in the secretions of the mucous membranes, and 

 healthy animals will be infected by coming near infected animals, or near 

 anything contaminated by their secretions and exhalations, and without 

 actual contact. So, any object may be infected, and carry the disease 

 indefinitely, as clothing, wool, hay, straw, litter, wood- work, for it may 

 remain latent in any of these objects for a long time. Fortunately, air is 



