HISTORY AND STATISTICS OF SWIXE. 941 



V, Teeth of the Hog. 



The teeth of swine are 44 in number, as follows: Incisors, six upper 

 and six lower, (12); canines or tusks, two upper and two lower, (4); 

 molars, or grinding teeth, fourteen upper and fourteen lower, (28) ; mak- 

 ing 44, inrlnding what were formerly called wolf teeth, but are now. 

 classed with the molars. They are represented scientiticilly by the den- 

 ial formula : | — | — || — 44. Furstenburg, a careful German author- 

 ity, gives the manner of determining the age of swine as follows : 



Born with eight teeth, four corner incisors and four tusks, on the 

 eighth or tenth day the second or third temporary molars appear. The 

 four ni})pers, two on the upper and two on the under jaw, appear at four 

 weeks old. 



At the fifth or sixth week the first temporary molars appear in the 

 upper and lower jaw. 



At the age of three months the intermediary incisors aj)pear. 



At the sixth, the so-called wolf teeth arc seen, and also the third per- 

 manent molars. 



At the ninth month the permanent corner incisors, the permanent 

 tusks, and the second permanent molars will be seen. 



At twelve months the permanent nippers will have appeared, and by 

 the thirteenth month, the three temporary molars will have been shed, 

 and the permanent ones will be seen ; at fifteen months these will be 

 fully up. 



At the age of eighteen months the permanent intermediary incisors and 

 the permanent rear molars will show, and at the twenty-first month these 

 will be fully developed, thus completely finishing the permanent denti* 

 tion. 



From this time on, the means for determining the age is by the wear 

 of the permanent teeth, and also by the increasing length of the tushes, 

 which at from four to ten years, attain such size and become such formid- 

 able weapons that it is said that hogs have been known to cope success- 

 fully with the lion. Certain it is that no beast dares attack tiiem when 

 herded together, and it is only by the strategy of man that they may be 

 successfully hunted and killed. And so dangerous has this pastime always 

 been considered, that a hoar's head has been counted as one of the most 

 valuable trophies of the chase. 



VI. Brought to America by Columbus. 



The history of the introduction of swine into America is that they were 



brought by Columbus to Hispaniola in 1493, and to Florida in 1538 by 



De Soto ; they were brought to Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland in 1553 



by the French, and into Canada in J ^08, In 1609 they were brought 



