HORSE BREEDING. 1303 



polled cattle were killed, the cattle on the farm of Mr. "Wingate all had 

 horns, Dut at the end of that time a polled animal made its appearance 

 in the herd. In the well-known case of George III. of England, the in- 

 sanity was transmitted by atavic descent from a male ancestor eight 

 generations back — not only the insanity, but other of the well-known 

 characteristics of the unfortunate monarch were exactly repeated. In 

 the Shorthorn herd book may be found numerous instances of the atavic 

 inheritance of color, and almost every breeder can furnish from his own 

 experience instances of a similar nature. Occasionally a black lamb 

 appears in a flock in which black sheep have not been present for several 

 generations. In a large family we seldom find all the children resem- 

 bling either parent, and in many j^f.tances the resemblance to a grand- 

 parent or some more remote ancesi^t* prevails to so great an extent that 

 the obvious peculiarities of the immediate parents are obscured. 



V. The Law of Correlation. 

 Any peculiarity in the development of one organ or set of organs 

 is usually accompanied by a corresponding modification or suppres- 

 sion of the organs of some other part of the system. The correlated 

 structure of animals enables the comparative anatomist, from the 

 examination of a tooth, to determine not only the class and order to 

 which the animal belonged, but its habits and mode of life and char- 

 acter of food required for its support. It is claimed that when any 

 particular part of the body acquires a very high degree of development 

 certain other parts stop short of their ordinary state of evolutiop, as if 

 the former obtained its unusual increment at the expense of the latter. 

 The law of correlation is thus illustrated in herbivorous mammals. A 

 limb terminating in a hoof serves for locomotion, and it cannot be used 

 as an organ of prehension, to grasp, seize or tear, and the teeth of these 

 mammals have flat, roughened grinding surfaces, while in carnivora the 

 feet are supplied with nails and claws which enables the animals to use 

 them for prehension and holding flesh, etc., while the teeth are fine and 

 pointed and the muscles of mastication strongly developed. In blind 

 people the sense of touch attains a delicacy that is surprising. Cases 

 are on record of blind people who could not only distinguish colors but 

 shades of the same color by the sense of touch. 



VI. The Law of Fecundity or Power to Reproduce. 

 The fertility of animals is frequently influenced by changes in 

 their surroundings and habits that cannot of themselves be con- 

 sidered unfavorable to the healthy action of the system. It has 

 been observed that the procreative powers are impaired, or even 



