14 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



and pavements, twenty or more feet, to a trellis constructed on the 

 east, south, and west sides of a building. This trellis should be a 

 few feet from the building and of any desired height, with hori- 

 zontal wires, three eighths of an inch in diameter and eighteen 

 inches apart, supported by uprights of wood or iron every two or 

 three feet. The vine should be conducted along the upright to the 

 wire upon which it is to be trained to grow and bear, the fruit 

 being produced on a single horizontal arm with spurs, as already 

 stated. As many vines should be planted as there are wires, and 

 these should be firm enough, like a ladder, to sustain the weight of 

 the person who has the care of them. All vines need weekly 

 attention. 



Vines on Fences. — Space can be economized in a garden hav- 

 ing a fence on the east, north, and west sides of it, by preparing 

 beds of moderate extent, and planting vines one foot from the 

 fence and one or more feet apart. These can be trained horizon- 

 tally to wires near the fence. They can also be carried perpen- 

 dicularly to slats or wires, at right angles with the fence, seven 

 feet above the ground, to each of which two vines can be secured. 

 A pleasant walk in summer is under such vines, which with clus- 

 ters hanging have a most beautiful effect. 



It cannot be expected that grapes on buildings will always 

 ripen as early as those in the open garden under the best exposure. 

 The richest fruit is that which grows under the most favorable 

 auspices. The warm and sloping sides of hills covered with cal- 

 careous and silicious soils, present great advantages, and are sur- 

 passed only by the vine beds in the plan here given ; where the 

 sun plays directly on the root bed * unshaded by leaf or cane, for 

 nearly six consecutive hours during the heat of the day, and on 

 alternate sides during the remainder ; where its roots are supplied 

 with all the food, organic and inorganic, which the vine requires ; 

 ■where the trellis is so formed that every leaf has full exposure to 

 sun and air and dew, accessible by hand for pinching, training, and 

 guarding from disease and insects, and where the vine is so grown 

 that the single arm, more pliable with increasing age, can be laid 

 down and protected from the severities of winter. 



Insects, Disease, and Frost are enemies to the growing vine, 

 and these claim notice. The cut-worm on the green shoot near 



* When the fruit is coloring, the bed has a mean temperature of ten 

 degrees greater heat, four inches under ground, than at the shaded sides 

 under the trellises. 



