52 MUSTARD FAMILY. 



12. DENTARIA. Pods, &c. as in the preceding. Seed-stalks broad nnd flat. 



Stem 2-8-leaved in the middle, naked belovr, springing from a horizontal 

 scaly-toothed or irregular Heshy rootstoek. 



13. LUNARIA. Pods oval or oblong, large and very flat, stalked above the calyx. 



Seeds winged, 2-rowpd in each cell. Flowers pretty large, purple. 



14. DRABA. Pods round-oval, oblong or linear, flat. Seeds wingless, 2-rowed in 



each cell. Flowers small, white in the common species. 

 *+ -* -M- -M- Pod short, Jlattish parallel to the broad partition. Flowers yellow, small. 



15. CAMELINA. Pods turgid, obovate or pear-shaped. 



4-v .- +H. *-* -M- Pod .short, very muih flattened contrary to the narrow partition ; the 

 valves therefore deeply Wtat-ehaptd. Flowers white, smalt. 



16. CAPSELLA. Pods obovate-triangular, or triangular with a notch at the top. 

 # * Seeds or the ovules single or sometimes 2 in each cell. Puds short andjtat. 



- Corolla irregular, the petals beiny very unequal. 



17. IBERIS. Flowers in short and flat-topped clusters, white or purple ; the two 



petals on the outer side of the flower much larger than the o:hers. I'ods 

 scale-shaped, roundish or ovate, much flattened contrary to the very narrow 

 partition, notched at the wing-margined top. 



*- - Corolla regular, small. 



18. LEPIDIUM. Pods scale-shaped, much flattened contrary to the very narrow 



partition, often notched or wing-margined at the top. Flowers white. 



19. ALYSSUM. Pods roundish, flattened parallel to the broad partition. Seeds 



flat, commonly wing-margined. Flowers yellow or white. 



2. Fruit indehiscent, wing-like, {-seeded. 



20. ISATIS. Flowers yellow. Fruit 1-celied, 1-seeded, resembling a small samara 



or ash-fruit. 

 3. Fruit Jteshy, or when ripe and dry corky, not opening by valves, 2 -many-seeded. 



21. CAKILE. Fruit jointed in the middle ; the two short joints 1-celled, 1-seeded. 



Seed oblong. 



22. RAP HAM'S. Fruit several-seeded, with cellular matter or with constrictions 



between the spherical seeds. , 



1. BBASSICA, CABBAGE, MUSTARD, &c. (Ancient" Latin name of 

 C&bbage. Botanicallv the Mustards rank in the same 1 genus.) (i; @ Cult, 

 from Eu., or run wild as weeds ; known by their yellow flowers, beak-pointed 

 pods, and globose seeds, the cotyledons wrapped round the radicle. 



B. oleracea, CABBAGE. The original is a sea-coast plant of Europe, with 

 thick and hard stem, and pretty large pale yellow flowers ; the leaves very gla- 

 brous and glaucous ; upper ones entire, clasping the stem, not auriclecbpt the 

 base : cult, as a biennial, the rounded, thick, and fleshy, strongly veined leaves 

 collect into a head the first year upon the summit of a short and stout stem. 



Var. BROCCOLI is a state in which the stem divides into short fleshy branches, 

 bearing clusters of abortive flower-buds. Var. CAULIFLOWER lias the nour- 

 ishing matter mainly concentrated in short imperfect flower-branches, collected 

 into a flat head. Var. KOHLRABI has the nourishing matter accumulated in 

 the stem, which forms a turnip-like enlargement above ground, beneath the 

 cluster of leaves. KALE is more nearly the natural state of the species, the 

 fleshy leaves not forming a head. 



B. campdstris, of the Old World ; like the last, but with brighter flowers ; 

 the lower leaves pinnatiiid or divided and rough with stiff' hairs, and the uj-p r 

 auricled at the base, is represeritort~iifcultivaHoTi by the Var. COLZA or RAPE, 

 with small annual root, cult, for the oil of the seed. Var. TURXIP ( B. XAPUS) ; 

 cult, as a biennial, for the nourishment accumulated in the napiform white root. 



Var. RUTABAGA- or SWEDISH TURNIP, has a longer and yellowish root. 



B. Sinipastrum, or Sinapis arvensis, CHARLOCK. A troublesome 

 weed of cultivation in grainfields, annual, with the somewhat rough leaves barely 

 toothed or little lobed, and nearly smooth pods spreading in a loose raceme, the 

 seed-bearing part longer than the conical (usually empty) beak. 



B. (or Sinapis) alba, WHITE MUSTARD. Cult.'and in waste places, an- 

 nual ; the leaves all piunatitid and rough-hairy ; pods spreading in the 



