168 DOGWOOD FAMILY. 



which are slightly woody, bearing 4-6 ovate or oral leaves at the summit, as 

 if in a whorl, below the stalked flower-head ; petal-like leaves of the involucre 

 ovate ; fruits globular, in a cluster, rather eatable. 



C. fl6rida, FLOWERING DOGWOOD. Rocky woods, also planted for orna- 

 ment : tree 12 -30 high, with ovate pointed leaves, petal-like leaves of the 

 involucre (1^'long) obcordate or obovate and notched, and oval fruits in a 

 head. According to common tradition flowering just at the proper time for 

 planting Indian Corn. 



2. Flowers yellow (earlier than the leaves], in a small umbel, surrounded by 



a small and dull-colored involucre of 4 scales : fruit bright red. 

 C. Mas. Sparingly planted from Eu. : a tall shrub or low tree, with oval 

 pointed leaves and handsome oblong fruit, the pulp eatable and pleasantly acid. 



3. Flowers white in open and flat cymes, without involucre, in early summer : 

 fruit small, globular, not eatable, blue or white, in an exotic species black. 

 # Branches of the previous year red or purple, especially in spring. 



C. sanguinea, EUROPEAN RED-OSIER D. Sometimes planted from Eu. : 

 erect, with ovate leaves rather downy beneath, and black or dark purple fruit. 



C. Stolonifera, WILD RED-()SIER D. Shrub 3 -6 high, in wet places 

 N., spreading by prostrate or subterranean running shoots, smooth, with ovate 

 abruptly pointed leaves roughish both sides and whitish beneath, small cymes, 

 and white or lead-colored fruit. 



C. sericea, SILKY D. or KINNIKINNIK (the dry bark smoked by the In- 

 dians W.) : in wet places, has dull red branches, the shoots, cymes, and lower 

 face of the narrow ovate or oblong pointed leaves silky-downy ; fruit bluish. 

 # * Branches brownish or gray. 



C. asperif61ia, ROUGH-LEAVED D. Dry soil from Illinois S. : shrub 

 3 5 high, with branches and small oblong or ovate leaves pubescent, upper 

 face of the latter rough, the lower downy ; cymes small and flat ; fruit bluish. 



C. Stricta, STIFF D. Wet grounds 8. : shrub 8 -15 high, with ovate 

 or lance-ovate taper-pointed leaves smooth and green both sides, loose flat 

 cymes, 'and pale blue fruit. 



C. paniculata, PANICLED D. Moist grounds, common N. : shrub 3 -8 

 high, much branched, smooth, with ash-colored bark, lance-ovate pointed leaves 

 acute at base and whitish beneath, and proportionally large and numerous con- 

 vex cymes, often panicled ; fruit white. 



# * * Branches green streaked icith brownish or whitish. 



C. circinata, ROUND-LEAVED D. Wooded hillsides, c. : shrub 3 -10 

 high, with warty-dotted branches, pretty large round-oval and short-pointed 

 leaves downy beneath, small flat cymes, and light blue fruit. 



C. alternif 61ia, ALTERNATE-LEAVED D. Hillsides and banks of streams : 

 shrub or tree 8 - 25 high, with streaked alternate and spreading branches, 

 ovate or oblong taper-pointed leaves acute at base and only minutely pubescent 

 beneath, mostly alternate, but crowded at the end of the branches ; cymes large 

 and flat, very open ; fruit bright blue on reddish stalks. 



2. AITCUBA. The Japanese name of the species commonly cultivated as 

 a house-plant, viz. 



A. Jap6nica. Shrub, with large ovate-oblong leaves bright green and 

 usually marbled with yellow, the flowers inconspicuous, but the red berries 

 when formed handsome. 



3. NYSSA, TUPELO, PEPPERIDGE, SOUR GUM-TREE. (The 

 Greek name of a Nymph, of no very obvious application to these trees. J 

 Fl. spring. Fruit acid. 



# Sterile flowers in loose clusters : fruit blue, not eatable. 



N. multifl6ra, COMMON TUPELO or SOUR GUM,, in rich woods, N. & S. : 

 tree 30 - 50 high, with horizontal branches and Beech-like spray, ovate or 

 obovate leaves entire and smooth or glossy when old, fertile flowers 3 - 8 on the 



