324 ORCHIS FAMILY. 



lower face of which is the stigma. Lip broad, erect, with a recurvin* 

 rounded apex and a bearded crest down the face. Pollen-masses 4, two in 

 each cell of the anther. 



7. CALOPOGON. Flowers 2, 3, or several, in a raceme-like looso spike; the lip 



turned towards the axis, diverging widely from the slender (above wing-mar- 

 gined) style, narrower at base, larger and rounded at the apex, strongly 

 bearded along the face. Sepals and the 2 petals nearly alike, lance-ovate, 

 separate and spreading. Anther lid-like: pollen-masses 4. 



8. POGONIA. Flowers one or few terminating a leaf-bearing stem; the sepals 



and petals separate; lip crested or 3-lobed. Style club-shaped, wingless: 

 stigma lateral. Anther lid-like, somewhat stalked: pollen-masses 2, only one 

 in each cell. 



- -t-*- Flowers mostly small, dull-colored, in a spike or raceme on a brownish or yel- 

 lowish leajicss scapt : jjolltn-masaes 4, ylvbular, soft-icaxy. 



9. COR ALLORHIZA. Flowers with sepals and petals nearly alike ; the lip broader, 



2-ridged on the face below, from its base descends a short sac or obscure spur 

 which adheres to the upper part of the ovary. Scape with sheaths in place 

 of leaves} the root or rootstock thickish, much branched and coral-like. 



10. APLECTRUM. Flowers as in No. 9, but no trace of a spur or sac, larger. 



Scape rising from a large solid bulb or corm, which also produces, at a differ- 

 ent season, a broad and many-nerved green leaf. 



* * Anthers 2 (Lessons p. Ill, fig. 226), borne one on each side of the style, and a 



trowel-shaped body on the. upper side answers to the third stamen, the otic that 

 alone is present in other Orchids : polltn powdery or pulpy : stiyina ruuyhisn, 

 not glutinous. 



11. CYPRIPEDIUM. Sepals in appearance generally only 2, and petals 2, besides 



the lip which is a large inflated sac, into the month of which the style, bear- 

 ing the stamens and terminated by the broad terminal stigma, is declined. 

 Pollen sticky on the surface, as if with a delicate coat of varnish, powdery or 

 at length pulpy underneath. 



1. EPIDENDUM. (Name in Greek means upon a tree, i. e. an epiphyte.) 

 E. conopseum, our only wild Orchideous Epiphyte or Air-plant, is found 



from South Carolina S. & W. on the boughs of Magnolia, &c., clinging to the 

 bark by its matted roots, its tuberous rootstocks bearing thick and firm lance- 

 olate leaves (l'-3' long), and scapes 2'- 6' long, with a raceme of small greenish 

 and purplish flowers, in summer. (Lessons, p. 34, 35, fig. 35.) 



2. ORCHIS. (The ancient name, from the Greek.) We have only one true 

 Orchis, viz. 



O. spectabilis, SHOWY ORCHIS. Rich hilly woods N. ; with 2 oblong 

 obovate glossy leaves (3 '-5' long) from the fleshy-fibrous root, and a leafy- 

 bracted scape 4' -7' high, bearing in a loose spike a few pretty flowers, pink- 

 purple, the ovate lip white : in late spring. 



3. HABENARIA, popularly called ORCHIS. (Name from Latin habena, 

 a rein or thong, from the shape of the lip of the corolla in some species.) 

 Flowers in a terminal spike, each in the axil of a bract, in late spring or sum- 

 mer. In all but one species the ovary twists and the lip occupies the lower or 

 anterior side of the flower. 



1. FRINGED ORCHIS. Lip and often the other petals cut-fringed or cleft, 

 shorter than the long curving spur : cells of the anther more or less diverging 

 and tapering below, the sticky gland at their lower end strongly projecting 

 forwards. These are our handsomest wild Orchises : ail grow in boc/s or low 

 grounds: stems leafy, 1 4 high. 



* Flowers violet-purple, in summer: the lip fan-shaped, 3-partcd nearly down to tlie 



stalk-like base, and the divisions more or less fringed. 



H. fimbriata, LARGER PURPLE FRINGED O. Wet meadows from Pcnn. 

 N. E. : lower leaves oval 'Or oblong, upper few and small; raceme-like spike 

 oblong, with rather few large flowers in early summer; petals oblong, toothed 

 down the sides; lip almost 1' wide, hanging, cut into a delicate fringe. 



