326 ORCHIS FAMILY. 



rowly spatu late-linear and drooping; spur about 1^'long, curved, gradually 

 thickened towards the blunt tip : fl. Jul^ 



H. Ho6keri. Sandy woqjls from Penn. N. : smaller in all parts, flowers 

 in June; the orbicular leaves only 3' -5' broad and flat on the ground; scape 

 naked, 6' -12' high, bearing fewer yellowish-green flowers in a strict spike; 

 sepals lance-ovate ; lip lanceolate and pointed, incurved, the other petals lance- 

 awl-shaped ; spur slender, acute, nearly 1 ' long. 



4. SPIRANTHES,. LADIES'-TRESSES. (Name from the Greek, de- 

 notes that the flowers are spiral : they often are apparently spirally twisted in 

 the spike.) Flowers white. The species are difficult; the following are the 

 commonest. 



* Flowers crowded in 3 ranks in a close spike : wet banks or bogs. 



S. Iatif61ia. Only from Delaware N. : known by its oblong or lance-ob- 

 long leaves (l'-3' long), all at the base of the scape, and narrow spike of small 

 smooth flowers early in June. 



S. Romanzoviana. Cold bogs, from N. New England W. : 5' - 15' high, 

 with oblong-lanceolate or grassy-linear leaves, a dense spike of flowers at mid- 

 summer, all 3 sepals and 2 petals conniving to form an upper lip. 



S. cernua, Common E. and S. : 6' -20' high, with lance-linear leaves, 

 cylindrical often lengthened spike, and lower sepals not upturned but parallel 

 with the lower petal or lip : fl. in autumn. 



* * Flowers in one straight or often spirally tivistt-d rank, in summer. 



S. graminea. Wet grassy places from N. England S. : stem about 1 

 high, towards its base and at the fleshy root bearing linear or lance-linear leaves, 

 which mostly last through the flowering season ; spike dense and much twisted, 

 rather dowuj. 



S. gracilis. Hills and sandy plains : scape slender, 8' -18' high, bearing a 

 slender spike ; leaves all from the tuberous root, short, ovate or oblong, apt to 

 wither away before the small flowers appear in late summer. 



5. GOODYERA, KATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN. (Named for John 

 Goodyer, an English botanist.) Flowers small, in summer, greenish-white, 

 spiked on a scape ; the leaves all clustered at the root, ovate, small. 



G. ripens. Evergreen woods N. : 3' - 8' high, slender ; flowers in a loose 

 one-sided spike, with inflated sac-shaped lip. 



G. pubescens. Oak and pine woods E. & S. : 6'- 12' high ; larger, with 

 leaves more beautifully white-reticulated, and flowers not one-sided in the denser 

 spike ; lip globular. 



G. Menziesii. Woods, only from New York W. : 9'- 12' high ; leaves less 

 reticulated ; flowers loose in the spike, narrower and pointed in the bud, the lip 

 hardly sac-shaped at the base and tapering to a narrow apex. 



6. ARETHUSA. (Mythological name of a nymph and fountain.) Fl. late 

 spring. 



A. bulbdsa. A charming little plant, in wet bogs N. : consists of a scape 

 6'- 10' high rising from a solid bulb or conn, sheathed below with one or two 

 green bracts, and terminated with the bright rose-pink flower l'-2' long. 



7. CALOPOGON. (Name in Greek means beautiful beard, referring to 

 the lip.) Fl. early summer. 



C. pulchellus. Wet bogs : scape about 1 high, from a small solid bulb, 

 slender, bearing next the base a long linear or lanceolate many-nerved grass-like 

 leaf, and at the summit 2-6 beautiful pink-purple flowers (!' broad), the lip as 

 if hinged at its base, bearded with white, yellow, and purple club-shaped hairs. 



8. POGOTTIA. (Name in Greek means bearded, i. e. on the lip : this is 

 hardly the case in most of our species.) We have several, but the only widely 

 common one is 



P. ophioglossoides. Wet bogs along with the Calopogon, and in 

 blossom at the same time : stem 6' - 9' high from a root of thick fibres, bearing 



