CHAPTER V 

 APPARATUS FOR USE IN ORCHARDS 



T"!HE equipment necessary for orchard fumigation 

 depends largely upon the kind of trees to be 

 treated and the location of the orchard. In 

 California the sheet tent is in general use. 

 Another form, known as the bell tent, is also quite 

 commonly used in California orchards. Of the earliest 

 apparatus used, the Wolf skill fumigator was a good 

 type. It is a bell tent manipulated by a derrick 

 mounted on a wagon. It has an arm on each side 

 extending over the top of the trees when driven be- 

 tween the rows. This form of tent is lifted up by 

 means of a rope attached to the top and extending to 

 a loop at the end of the arm or derrick, through which 

 the tent is drawn as it is removed from the tree. This 

 form of tent is shown in Fig. 8. 



Another form, known as the Titus fumigator 

 (Fig. 9), consisted of a smaller tent, supported by a 

 square frame braced at each corner and mounted on 

 wheels with a piece across the top, on which the tent 

 could be wound in removing it from the tree. Still 

 another form, known as the Culver fumigator (Fig. 

 10), consisted of two light frames, half-bell shaped, 

 covered with cloth. It formed a complete tent when 

 closed together around the tree. This form of fumi- 

 gator was simplified later and the cloth allowed to rest 

 on the sides of the tree. The Culver outfit, in con- 



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