38 CROWFOOT FAMILY. 



root-leaves lobed or cut ; akenes in an oblong or cylindrical head. In water 

 or very wet places. 



R. recurvatUS, HOOK-STYLED C. Hairy, l-2 high ; leaves all 3-cleft 

 and long-petioled, with broad wedge-shaped 2-3-lobcd divisions; akcncs in a 

 globular head, with long recurved stvles. Woods. 



R. Pennsylvanicus, BIMSTLY C. Bristly hairy, coarse and stout, 2 - 

 3 high; leaves all 3-divided ; the divixions stalked, again 3-cleft, sharply cut 

 and toothed ; akenes in an oblong head, tipped with a short straight style 

 Along streams 



-*-* BUTTERCUPS OR COMMON CROWFOOTS, with Iriyht yellow corolla^ 

 about. 1' in diameter, much lan/cr limit tlic calyx ; leaies all once and often twice 

 3 - ^-divided or cleft, usually hairy ; head of akenes y/ohular. 

 *-* Natives of the country, low or spreading. 



R. fascicularis, EARLY B. Low, about 6' high, without runners, on 

 rocky hills in early spi ing; root-leaves much divided, somewhat pinnate; petals 

 rather narrow and distant ; akenes scarcely edged, slender-beaked. 



R. ripens, CREEPING B. Everywhere common in very wet or moist 

 phux-s, flowering in spring and summer; immensely variable; stem soon as- 

 cending, sending out some prostrate stems or runners in summer; leaves more 

 coarsely divided and cleft than those of the last; petals obovate ; akenes sharp- 

 edged and stout-beaked. 



*-* *- Intnductd weeds from Eurone, common in fields, $'c., especially E.: si an 

 < net : leaves much cut. 



R. blllbdsus, BULBOUS B. Stem about 1 high from a solid bulbous 

 base nearly as large as a hiekorv nut ; calvx reilcxcd when the very bright yel- 

 low and showy large corolla expand-, in late spiiug. 



R. acris, TALL B. Stem 2 -3 high, no bulbous base; calyx only 

 spreading when the lighter yellow corolla expand-, in summer. Commoner 

 than the last, except E. A* full double-flowered variety is cult, in gardens, 

 forming golden-yellow balls or buttons. 



H- -- - ^- GARDEN RANUNCULUSES. Bmidcs the double variety of the last, 

 the choice Donile Ranunculuses of (he Jlonst come, front the two Jbllowma. 



R. AsiaticilS, of the Levant ; with 3-parted leaves and flowers nearly 2' 

 broad, resembling Ancmonies, yellow, or of various colors. Not hardy N. 



R. aconitifblillS, of Eu., taller, smooth, with 5-parted leaves, and smaller 

 white flowers, the full double called FAIR MAIDS OF FRANCE. 

 # # Akeiits striate or ribbed down the sides. 



R. Cymbalaria, SEA-SIDE CROWFOOT. A little plant, of sandy shores 

 '. ; i of the sea and Great Lakes, &c. , smooth, with naked ihmcnii- stems li'-G' high, 

 and long runners > leaves rounded and kidney-shaped, coarsely erenatc ; flowers 

 small, in summer. 



8. ZANTHORHIZA, SIIKUB YELLOW-ROOT. (Name composed 

 ot the two (ireek words for ycl/oiv and root.) Only one species, 



Z. apiif61ia. A shrubby plant, l-2 high, with dee]) yellow wood and 

 roots (used by tin; Indians for OVeing), pinnate leaves of about f) cut-toothed or 

 lobed leatlets, ami drooping compound raceme- of small dark or dull -purple 

 flowers, in early sprm-, followed by little 1 -.-ceded pods: -n.\v.- in damp, shady 

 places along the Alleghanies. 



9. HYDRASTIS, ORANGE-ROOT, YELLOW PUCCOON. (Name 



from the (ireek, probably meaning that the root or juice of the plant is dras- 



tic.) U A single species, 



H. Canad^nsiS. Low, sending up in early spring a rounded 5 - 7-lobed 

 root-leal, and a stem near 1 high, bearing one or two alternate .-mailer leaves 

 above, just below the sin-le small llower. The 3 gnvm>h .-epaU fall from the 

 \nid, leaving the many white stamens and little head of pi.-tils , the latter grow 

 pulpy and ]i reduce a 'crimson fruit resembling a raspberry. Mich woods, from 

 New York, W. & S. 



