132 SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 



1. Leave* alternate. 



1. RIBES. Leaves palmately veined and lobed ; sometimes with narrow stipules 



united with the base of 'the petiole. Calyx with its tube cohering with the 

 ovary, and often extended beyond it, the 5 lobes usually colored like the 

 petals. Petals and stamens each 5, on the throat of the'calyx, the former 

 small and mostly erect. Styles 2 or partly united into one ; "ovary 1-celled 

 with 2 parietal placentae, in' fruit becoming a juicy Lerry, crowned with the 

 shrivelled remains of the rest of the flower. 



2. ITEA. Leaves pinnately veined, not lobed. Flowers in a raceme. Calyx 



nearly free from the 2-celled ovary, a-deft. Petals lanceolate, much longer 

 than "the calyx, and inserted along with the 5 stamens near its base. Pod 

 slender, 2-celled, splitting through the style and the partition. 



2. Leaves opposite. Gdyx-tube wholly coherent icith the top- shaped or hemispherical 

 ovary, but not at all extended beyond it. 



* Stamens indefinite, 20-40. 



3. DECUMARIA. Flowers small, in a compound terminal cyme. Calyx mi- 



nutely 7-10 toothed. Style thick. Petals 7 - 10, valvate in the bud'. Pod 

 small, top-shaped, many ribbed, bursting at the sides between the ribs. 



4. PHJLADKLPHUS, Flowers showy, often corymbed or panicled. Calyx with 



4 or 5 valvate lobes. Petals 4 or 5, broad, convolute in the bud. Styles 

 3-5, usually somewhat united below. Ovary 3-5-celled, becoming a pod, 

 which splits at length into as many pieces. 



* * Stamens only twice as many as the petals. 8 or 10. 



6. DEUTZIA. Flowers all alike and perfect, more or less panicled, showy. 

 Lobes of the calyx 5. Petals 5, valvate with the edges turned inwards. 

 Filaments flat, the 5 alternate ones longer, commonly with a tooth or fork on 

 each side next the top. Styles 3-5, slender. Pod 3-5-celled. 



6. HYDRANGEA. Flowers in cymes, commonly of two sorts, the marginal ones 



(or in high-cultivated plants almost all) enlarged and neutral, consisting of 

 corolla-like calyx only (Lessons, p. 84, fig. 167) : the others perfect, with a 

 4-5-toothed calyx, as many small petals valvate in the bud, and twice as 

 many stamens with slender filaments. Style 2 - 5, diverging. Ovary 2-6- 

 celled, becoming a small pod which opens at the top between the styles. 



II. Herbs, forming the SAXIFRAGE FAMILY proper. Stipules 

 none or confluent with the base of the petiole. Seeds usually many. 



* Stamens as many as the petals and alternate toith them, usually 5, and a cluster of 



(/land-tipped sterile filaments before each petal: stigmas nwslly 4, directly over 

 as many parietal placentas. 



7. PARNASSIA. Flower solitary, terminating a scape-like stem ; the leaves 



mostly from the root, rounded, smooth, and entire. Calyx free from the 

 ovary, of 5 sepals. Petals 6, veiny, imbricated in the bud- Styles none. 

 Pod 1-celled, many-seeded. 



* Stamens only as many as the petals, 4 or 5 : wo sterile filaments : styles 2 and 



alternate icith the plnrenhe or partition. 



8. HEUCHERA. Flowers small, in a long panicle, mostly on a scape. Calyx 



bell-shaped, the tube cohering below with the 1-celled 'ovary, and continued 

 beyond it, above ;">-cl<M'f. and bearing 5 small spatulate' erect petals at 

 the sinuses. Styles slender. Pod 1-cc.led, 2-beaked at the apex, opening 

 between the beaks. 



9. BOY KIN I A. Flowers in a corymb-like cyme. Calyx 5-Iobed, the tube 



cohering with the 2-celled ovary. Petals 5, convolute in the bud, deciduous. 

 Styles 2, short. Pod 2-celled, opening between the two beaks. 



* * * Stamens tiricc the number of the petals or the lobes nf the calyx, mostly 10; 



pod commonly '2-lobed, beaked, or 2, rarely 3 - 4, nearly separate pods. 



*- Petals entire, mostly 5. 



10. SAXIFRAGA. Flowers in cymes or panicles, or rarely solitary, perfect 



Leaves simple or palmately cut. Petals imbricated in' the bud. Pod 2- 

 celled below, or 2 (rarely m'ore) separate pistils nnd pods, many-seeded. 



11. ASTILBE. Flowers in spikes or racemes collected in an ample compound 



panicle, sometimes polygamous or dioecious. Leaves ample, decompound. 



