142 EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY. 



2. Paris of the floirer in fours, or fves in No. 8. 

 * Ovary and dry nut-like fruit with a simjle ovule or seed in each cell. 



2. GAURA. Herbs with alternate sessile leaves, and small or smallish flowers in 



racemes or spikes Calyx with slender tube much prolonged beyond the 

 4-celled ovary. Petals 4, on claws, mostly turned toward the upper side of 

 the flower. Stamens *', these and the long style turned town. A little scale 

 before each filament. Fruit small, 4-angled or ribbed, 1 - 4-seeded. 

 # * Ovary and fruit tcilh many orules and seeds in each of the a tils. 



- Herbs: fruit a chifjly 4-celltd and 4-vitlred dry pod. 



++ -* Seeds furnished with a coma or tuft of lony find soft hairs at one end, by which 

 they are widely dispersed by the wiiul. 



3. KPJLOHIUM. Calyx with tube scarcely at all extended beyond the linear 



ovary. Petals 4. Stamens 8. 



4. ZAUSCHXKHIA. Calyx extended much beyond the linear ovary into a fun- 



nel-shaped tube, with ll abruptly inflated base where it joins the ovary, and 

 with 4 lobes as long as the 4 oblong-obcordate petals, both of bright scarlet 

 color. Stamens 8 and, as well as the long style, projecting. 



M- +- Seeds naked, i. e. without a downy tuft. 

 *= Flowers regular and symmetrical: calyx-tube extended more or less beyond the 



ovary, tlte lobts mostly rtfiexed: petals 4. 



6. CLARKIA. Calyx-tube continued beyond the ovary into a short funnel-form 

 cup. Petals broad, wedge-shaped or rhombic, sometimes 3-lobed, raised on 

 a slender claw. Stamens 8. with slender filaments, the altenmte ones short- 

 er: anthers curved or coiled after opening, those of the short stamens much 

 smaller, or deformed and sterile. Stigmas 4, oval or oblong. Pod linear 

 and tapering upwards, 4-sided. Flowers never yellow. 



6. EUCHAKID1UM. Calyx-tube much prolonged and slender beyond the ovary. 



Petals .wedge-shaped and 8-lobed at summit, tapering into a short claw. 

 Stamens only 4, on slender filaments. Stigmas 2 or 4. Pod oblong-linear. 

 Seeds slightly wing-margined. Flowers never yellow. 



7. (EN OTHER A. Calyx-tube either much or little prolonged beyond the ovary. 



Petals usually obovate or obcordate, with hardly any claw. Stamens *8. 



Flowers yelloV, purple or white. 



=, = Flowers reyulur and symmetrical, but often without petals: (he cah/x-tube not 

 in the least extended beyond the broad summit of the ovary, on which the 

 green U>bes mostly persist : style, usually short : stigma capitate. 



8. JUSSIiEA. Stamens twice as many as the lobes of the calyx, petals, and cells 



of the pod: i. e. 8 or 10, rarely 12. 



9. LUDW1GIA. Stamens as many as the lobes of the calyx and cells of the pod, 



almost always 4. Petals 4, often small, or none. 



= = = Flowers irrcyul<n- and unsymmetrical : calyx-tube not extended. 



10. LOPKZIA. Flowers small. Calyx with 4 linear purplish lobes. Petals with 



claws, 4, turned towards tne upper side of the flower, the two uppermost nar- 

 rower and with a callous gland on the summit of the claw, and what seems 

 to be a fifth small one (but is a sterile stamen transformed into a petal) stands 

 before the lower lobe of the calyx. Fertile stamen only one with an oblong 

 anther. Style slender: stigma entire. Pod globular. 



*- * Shrubs : fi'uit a 4-celled berry. 



11. FUCHSIA. Flowers showv; the tube of the highlv colored calyx extended 



much beyond the ovary, 'bell-shaped, funnel-shaped, or tubular,' the 4 lobe.s 

 spreading. Petals 4. Stamens 8. Style long and thread-shaped: stigma 

 club-shnped or capitate. 



1. CIRC^JA, ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE. (Named from Circe, 

 the enchantress, it is not obvious why ; the plants are insignificant and 

 inert, natives of damp woods, flowering in summer.) ^ 



C. Llltetiana, the common species, is l-2 high, branching, with ovate 

 and slightly toothed leaves, no bracts under the pedicels, the rounded little 

 fruit 2-celled and beset with bristly hairs. 



C. alpina, common only N. or in mountainous regions, smooth and deli- 

 eate, ;}'-(>' high, with thin and heart-shaped coarsely toothed leaves, minute 

 bracts, and obovate or club-shaped fruit 1 -colled and soft-hairy. 



