15G FIG-MARIGOLD FAMILY. 



C. multiplex. Stem green, with about 13 acute ridges and 10-12 rather 

 long unequal spines. 



6. ECHINOCACTUS. (Name menus $jn'ny or Hedcjdtor] Cactus.) There 

 are many wild species tar S. \V., hut tew common in cultivation. Flowers 

 mostly .small, opening for 2 or .3 days, closing at night. 



E. Tex^nsis, of S. Texas and Arizona, has stem much broader than high, 

 or globular when young, becoming 1 broad, with 12-27 acute wavy ridges, 

 6 or 7 very stout and horn-like reddish recurved spines ; the central one larger 

 and turned down, sometimes 2' long; flower rose-colored, very woolly, 2' long. 



E. Ott6nis, from Brazil, is pear-shaped, becoming club-shaped, 2' -3' 

 thick, with 12 - 14 narrow ridges, clusters of 10- 14 short slender prickles, and 

 yellow flowers with red stigmas. 



6. MELOCACTUS, i.e. MELON-CACTUS. One species is often brought 

 from the West Indies, but does not long survive, viz. 



M. COmmunis, called TURK'S-CAP. Globular or ovate, dark green, often 

 1 high, with 12-20 ridges, beset with clusters of short brownish spines ; the 

 cylindrical muff-like crown of bristles and cottony wool, 2' -5' high, in which 

 the very small pink flowers are half-imbedded ; berries small, red. 



7. MAMILLARIA. (Xame from the nipple-shaped tubercles which cover 

 the stem.) Many wild species far W. and 8. \V. on the plains : few common 

 in cultivation. 



M. longimamma, from Mexico, has the tubercles rising from a depressed 

 body, or apparently almost from the root, 1' or more long, loosely spreadini:, 

 much longer than the 8-11 prickles at their apex; flowers large for the genus, 

 l' long, yellow. 



M. pusilla, wild in Texas and S., with clustered ovate or globular stems 

 l'-2' long, oblong or ovate tubercles bearing wool in their axils, and tipped 

 with very many capillary crisped bristles and several slender prickles ; flowers 

 pink, ^' long. 



M. gracilis, with globular and at length short-cylindrical stems l'-2' 

 IOIILT, excessively proliferous, the oblong tubercles h-aring about 16 recurving 

 white prickles, and on older plants 1 or 2 stouter and longer straight ones of a 

 brown hue ; flowers small, white. 



M. elongata, with cylindrical clustered stems, covered with short conical 

 tubercles, which bear 16-30 uniform radiating and recurving slender prickles 

 in a starry tuft, and very rarely a central one ; flowers small, white. 



M. vivipara, wild from Nebraska S., l'-5' high, simple, or proliferous 

 in tufts, globular, with the terete tubercles slightly grooved down the 

 upper side, hearing 12-30 rigid widely radiating whitish prickles, and 3-12 

 stouter and darker ones ; flower pink-purple, large for the plant, al>out 2' in 

 diameter. 



50. MESEMBRYANTHEMEJE, FIG-MARIGOLD 



FAMILY. 



Fleshy plants, of aspect between the Cactus, Purslane, and Orpine 

 Families, with nmple entire leaves, and calyx-tube coherent with 

 the compound ovary, which has 4 - *20 styles and as many cells : 

 represented in cultivation by the following. 



1. MKSKMI'.KYAXTIIKMrM. Herbaceous or He>hy-hrubl>y and prostrate or low 



branching plants, with vcrv succulent leaves and mostly handsome (lower*, 

 opening only in bright light, eommonlv at noon. Lobes of the calvx mo^riv ">. 

 Petals (linear) and stamens verv numerous, on the calyx. Styles, cells <>f the 

 ovary, am! radiating horns or lobes of the many-seeded pod 4-20. 



2. TETRAG( )NI A. I.o\v spreading herhs, with hroad and lint thickish leaves, ruid 



small flowers in their axils. Calvx u<uallv 4-lobed. Petals none. Stamens 

 low or many. Styles and 1-ovuled cells of the ovary lew. Fruit hard and 

 nut-like, 3 - 8-hurned, 3 - b-seeded. 



