COMPOSITE FAMILY. 199 



40. BELLIS, DAISY. (The old Latin name of the Daisy, from be/his, 

 pretty.) (Fl. spring and summer.) 



B. integrifblia, WESTERN WILD DAISY : in open grounds from Kentucky 

 S. W., has branching spreading stems 4' -10' long, bearing some lanceolate- 

 oblong or spatulate leaves, and terminal slender-peduncled heads with pale 

 blue-purple rays. 



B. perennis, TRUE or ENGLISH DAISY, cult, from Eu., mostly in double- 

 flowered varieties, i. e. with many or all the disk-flowers changed into rays, or, 

 in the common quilled form, all into tubes (pink or white) : in "the natural state 

 the centre is yellow, the rays white and more or less purplish or crimson-tipped 

 underneath ; head solitary on a short scape ; leaves spatulate or obovate, all 

 clustered at the root. 11 



41. ACHILLEA, YARROW, SNEEZEWORT. (Named after Achilles.) 

 Leafy-stemmed, with small heads in corymbs. 2/ 



A. Millef61ium, COMMON Y. or MILFOIL, abounds over fields and hills, 

 10' - 20' high, with leaves twice pinnately parted into very slender and crowded 

 linear 3 - 5-cleft divisions, heads crowded in a close flat, corymb, with 4 or 5 

 short rays, white, sometimes rose-colored : all summer. 



A. Ptarmica, SNEEZEWORT. Run wild from Eu. in a few places, cult, in 

 gardens, especially a full-double variety, which is pretty, fl- in autumn ; leaves 

 simple, lance-linear, sharply cut-serrate ; heads in a loose corymb, with 8-12 

 or more rather long bright white rays. 



42. MARUTA, MAYWEED. (Meaning of the name uncertain.) Native 

 of the Old World. 



M. Cotula, or ANTHEMIS COTULA, the COMMON MAYWEED, along road- 

 sides, especially E. ; low, strong-scented and acrid, with leaves thrice pinnately fa- 

 divided into slender leaflets or lobes, rather small heads terminating the branches, 

 with white rays and yellow centre ; all late summer. 



43. ANTHEMIS, CHAMOMILE. (Ancient Greek name, from the pro- 

 fusion of flowers.) Natives of Old World : fl. summer. Peduncles bearing 

 solitary or very few heads. 



A. arv^nsis, FIELD C. Resembles Mayweed and grows in similar places, 

 but rare, is not unpleasantly scented, has fertile rays and a minute border of 

 pappus. 



A. n6bilis, GARDEN C., yields the Chamomile-flowers of the apothecaries, 

 spreads over the ground, very finely divided foliage pleasantly strong-scented ; 

 rays white ; pappus none. 2/ 



A. tinctbria, YELLOW C., is cult, for ornament, but hardly common : 

 2 -3 high, with pinnately divided and again pinnatifid or cut-toothed leaves, 

 and heads as large as those of Whiteweed, with golden-yellow flowers, or the 

 rays sometimes white. 2/ 



44. CHRYSANTHEMUM, including LEUCANTHEMUM and PYRE 

 THRUM. (Name means golden fincer* in Greek; but they are of various 

 colors.) All natives of Old World. 



1. LEUCANTHEMUM or WHITEWEED and FEVERFEW : the ray-flowers 

 white, those of the centre mostly yellow. 11 



C. Leucanthemum, or LEUCANTHEMUM VULG\RE, the too common 

 WHITEWEED or OX-EYE DAISY, filling meadows and pastures, and difficult to 

 eradicate ; has stems nearly simple and erect from the creeping base or root 

 stock, bearing cut-toothed or slightly pinnatifid leaves below (the lowest spatu- 

 late, upper partly clasping), the naked summit bearing the single showy head, 

 in early summer. 2/ 



C. (or L.) Parth&nium, or PYRETHRUM PARTHENIUM, FEVERFEW. 

 Cult, in old gardens, and running wild ; with branching leafy stems 1 - 3 



