VERVAIN FAMILY. 241 



6. DIANTHERA. (From Greek for double anther, alluding to the two 

 separated cells on each filament. ) Fl. all summer. ^ 



D. OVata. Muddy banks of streams S. : 4' -8' high, smooth, with lance- 

 ovate short-petioled leaves longer than the 3-4-flowered peduncles in their 

 axils, and small pale purple flowers. 



D. Americana. Wet borders of streams : 2 high, smooth, with long 

 linear-lanceolate leaves, and long peduncles (4' -6' long) bearing an oblong 

 spike of pale purple flowers. 



78. VERBENACE^I, VERVAIN FAMILY. 



Plants with opposite (or sometimes whorled) leaves, differing 

 from the other orders with irregular monopetalous and didynamous 

 or tetrandrous flowers by the ovary not 4-lobed and with a single 

 ovule in each of its (1-4) cells, the fruit either fleshy or when 

 dry at length splitting into as many 1 -celled indehiscent nutlets. 



Besides the following some species of CLEKODENDRON are culti- 

 vated, in choice conservatories. 



1. Flowers in heads, spikes, or racemes, the flowers expanding from belmc upwards. 



1. PHRYMA. Flowers in slender loose spikes. Calvx cylindrical, 2-lipped, the 



upper lip of 3 slender-pointed teeth, the lower short and 2-toothed. Corolla 



tubular, 2-lipped, the upper lip notched, lower larger and 3-lobed. Stamens 



1. _ "I .1 A -111/* . . 1 1 . ,1 1 TT 1 



included. Ovary 1-celled, forming a simple akene in the calyx. Herb. 

 ERBENA. Flowers in spikes or heads. Calyx tubular or prismatic, 5-r: 

 and plaited. Corolla salver-form, the tube often curved, the border rather 



unequally 5-cleft. Stamens included: upper pair sometimes wanting th 

 anthers. Ovary 4-celled, at maturity splitting into 4 dry akenes or nutlets. 

 Herbs. 



3. LIP PI A. Flowers in head?, spike?, or racemes. Calyx tubular, 2-5-toothed. 



Corolla tubular, with 5-lobed 2-lipped border, the lower 3-lobed lip larger. 

 Stamens included. Ovary and dry fruit 2-celled, 2-seecled. 



4. L ANT AN A. Flowers in heads or short spikes. Calyx minute, obscurely 



4-toothed. Corolla with an unequal 4-cleft spreading border, the upper lobe 

 sometimes notched. Stamens included. Ovary 2-celled, becoming berry- 

 like, and containing 2 little stones or nutlets. Shrubs or herbs. 



2. Flowers nearly regular, In cymes from the axils of the simple leaves : shrubs. 



5. CALLICARPA. Calyx 4 - 5-toothed, short. Corolla tubular-bell-shaped, short, 



4 -5-lobed. Stamens 4, protruded, nearly equal. Ovary 4-celJea, in fruit 

 berry-like, with 4 little stones. 



3. Flowers irregular, in cymes or clusters in the axils of the compound digitate 



leaves or of the upper leaves reduced to bracts: shrubs or trees. 

 Q. VITEX. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla tubular, with a spreading 2-lipped border, 

 the lower lip 3-parted and rather larger than the 2-lobed upper lip. Stamens 

 4, protruded, as is the style. Ovary 4-celled, becoming berry-like in tht 

 fruit, which contains a single 4-celled stone. 



1. PHR^TMA, LOPSEED. (Name of unknown meaning.) One species. 

 P. Leptostachya. Copses, &c. ; 2 -3 high, with coarsely-toothed ovate 



thin leaves, and branches terminated by the slender spikes of very small purplish 

 flowers, in summer, the pedicels reflexed in fruit. ^ 



2. VERBENA, VERVAIN. (Latin name of some sacred herbs.) Fl. all 

 summer. Genus of difficult analysis on account of numerous hybrids, both 

 wild and in cultivation. 



1. VEKVAIXS native to the country, or growing as wild weeds, mostly in waste 

 or cultivated around : the ftou-ers insignificant, in slender spikes : no appen- 

 dage at tip of the antliers. AH but the last with upriaht stems. ^ 



V. angustifolia, NARROW-LEAVED V. Stems 6'- 18' high ; leaves nar- 

 16 



