2">4 BORAGE FAMILY. 



80. BOHR AGIN ACE.3E, BORAGE FAMILY. 



Mostly rough or roujrh-hairy plants, known from all related 

 monopetalous orders by having a deeply 4-lobed ovary, or apparently 

 4 ovaries around the base of a common style, each 1-ovuled, ripen- 

 ing into akenes or nutlets, along with regular flowers (Echiuin 

 excepted), stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla (5) and 

 alternate with them, and alternaie (mostly entire) leaves. In the 

 Heliotrope tribe, however, the ovary is not lobed, but the fruit at 

 maturity separate* into 2 or 4 nutlets. Stigmas 1 or 2. Embryo 

 filling the seed : no albumen. Flowers disposed to be on one side of 

 the stem or branches, or of the branches of cymes, the raceme-like 

 clusters coiled at the end and straightening as the flowers expand. 

 Herbage not aromatic ; juice commonly bitterish, often somewhat 

 mucilaginous. Roots of several are red and used for dye. 



I. BORAGE FAMILY PROPER, having the deeply 4-parted 

 ovary as above. Ours all herbs. 



1. Corolla irregular funnel- form, naked In the throat : stamens unequal ! 



1. ECHIUM. Two of the spreading lobes of the corolla shorter than the others. 



Stamens ascending, more or less protruding: filaments and style long and 

 slender. Stigmas 2. Nutlets erect, leathery, rough-wrinkled. 



2. Corolla wheel-sh :iped, with no tube at all. 



2. BORRAGO. Flowers, as in all the following, perfectly regular. A blunt scale 



at the base of each lobe of the o-purtecf corolla, alternating with the con- 

 niving stamens. Filaments very -short, broad, and with a cartilaginous pro- 

 jection behind the linear pointed anther. Nutlets erect. 



6. MYOSOTIS, and 7. OMPHALODES, from the short tube to the corolla may 

 be sought for here. 



3. Corolla tubular, funnel-form, or salve r-siiaped, sometimes almost iclteel-sJiaped, 

 * Open in the throat, the folds or sliort scales, if any, not closing over the. orifice. 



3. MERTENSIA. Corolla tubular, trumpet-shaped, with the widely spreading 



border scarcely at all lobed and its throat perfectly naked Li the common 

 species; the slender filaments protruding. I'ruit fleshy, smooth or wrinkled. 

 Smooth plants, which is rare in this order. 



4. ONOSMODIUM. Corolla tubular, with the 5 acute lobes erect or converging, 



the throat perfectly naked, bearing the arrow-shaped or linear and mucronate 

 anthers: filaments' hardly any. Style very slender and protruding. Nutlets 

 stony, smooth, fixed by their* base. Very 'rough-bristly homely plants. 



6. LITHOSPERMUM. Corolla funnel-form or salvor-shaped, with' rounded lobes 

 imbricated in the bud, with or without evident short and broad scales or 

 folds in the throat. Anthers oblong, included: filaments hardlv any. Nut- 

 lets stony, smooth or roughened, ovate, fixed by the base. Rough 'or hairy 

 plants, mostly with red roots. 



6. MYOSOTIS. Corolla very short-salver-form, the tube onlv about the length of 

 the 6-toothed or 6-cleft Valvx, the rounded lobes convolute in the bud, the 

 throat with 5 small and blunt aivhinir appendage-. Anthers short, included. 

 Nutlets smooth and hard, fixed by their bOM. Lmv and small, mostly soft- 

 hairy plants, the small racenu-d 9oW&M commonly bract 



* Scalts or appendages of the corulln, cong/ilcnou.* <>>u' fir fare the base of each lobe, 



<ni<l closinij or nearly clotinr/ tltc oriji'ce. 

 *- Corolla short-salver-shapcd or ntarly wln-il-gliaped: stamens included. 



T. OMPHALODES. Corolla with tube shorter than the rounded lobes. Nutlets 

 smooth, depressed, and with a hollow basket-like top. Flowers loosely ra- 

 rc-ined: no bracts. Lu\v smooth or smoothish herbs. 



