320 WATKR-PLANTAIN FAMILY. 



8. ALISMA. Flowers perfect, loosely panic-led. IVtals involute in the bud. 



Stamens 6. Ovaries many, in a ring, very flat-sided, becoming coriaceous 



flat akenes - - 3-keeled on the back. 

 4. FCHIXODOKl S. Flowers perfect, in proliferous umbels. Petals imbricated 



in the bud. Stamens 9 or more. Ovaries heaped in a head, becoming wing- 



less akenes. 

 6. SAGITTARIA. Flowers monoecious, rarely dioecious or polygamous, in suc- 



r.-ssivc whorls, the sterile at the summit of the scape; the lowest fertile. 



Stamens usually numerous. Ovaries very many, heaped on the globular 



receptacle, in fruit becoming Hat and winged akenes. 



III. FLOWERING-RUSH FAMILY. (BUTOJIKJE.) Dif- 

 fers fro"" tli<' preceding mainly in the few ovaries having numerous 

 ovules distributed all over the inside. 



6- L1MNOCHARIS. Flowers perfect, long-peduncled. Petals torpe. yellow. Sta. 

 mens numerous wirh slender filaments, a few of the outermost without an- 

 thers, the rest with linear anthers. Ovaries 6 or more, somewhat united at 

 base. Leaves roundish and heart-shaped, long-petioled. 



1. TRIGLOCHIN, ARROW-GRASS. (Name in Greek means three- 

 pointed.) Insignificant rush-like plants, in marshes, mostly where the wa- 

 ter is brackish : (1. summer. ^ 



T. paltistre. Slender, 6' -18' high, with linear-club-shaped ovary and 

 fruit, the 3 pieces when ripe separating from the sharp-pointed base upwards. 



T. maritimum. Stouter, 12' -20' high, with fruit of about 6 pieces 

 rounded at base. Vur. KL\TU.M, in bogs of the interior, N., 20' -30' high, the 

 pieces of the fruit sharp-angled on the back. 



T. triandrum, a small slender species along the coast S., has only 3 

 sepals, no petals, 3 stamens, and a 3-lobed fruit. 



2. SCHEUCHZERIA. (Xamcd for the early Swiss botanist, Scheuchzer.) 

 S. pallistris. Peat-bogs from Penn. N. : 1 high : fl. early summer. % 



3. ALISMA, WATER-PLANTAIN. (The old Greek name, of uncertain 

 meaning.) Fl. all late summer. 



f P/Tnt- , A. PlantagO. Shallow water : leaves long-pctiolcd. varying from or oblong- 

 9u >ta heart-shaped to lanceolate, 3-5-ribbed : panicle l-2 long of verv many and 

 " ?<> loose small flowers. ^ 



I. ECHIN(5DORUS. (Named probably from Greek words for prickly 

 flu sk, the head of fruit being as it were prickly-pointed by the styles, but 

 hardly so in our species. The following occur in muddy or wet places, chiefly 

 W. &' S : 11. summer ; the flowering shoots or scapes mostly proliferous and 

 creeping. 



E. p&rvulus : a tiny plant, l'-3' high, with lanceolate or spatulatc leaves, 

 few-flowered umbels, 9 stamens, and almost pointless akenes. (1) 



E. rostratUS, with broadly heart-shaped leaves (l'-3' long, not including 

 the petiole) shorter than the erect scape, which bears a panicle of prolifenni' 

 umbels; flower almost ' wide; 12 stamen-; akenes beaked with slender 

 styles. i 



E. radicans, with broadly heart-shaped and larger leaves (.Y - 8' wide) 

 which are very open or almost truncate at base ; the creeping scapes or stems 

 becoming 1 4 long and bearing many whorls; flowers ^' \' broad; akcnc* 

 short- beaked. 



SAGITTARIA, ARROW-HEAD. (From the Latin for arrow, from 

 / /.. the sagittate leaves which prevail in the genus. Jn shallow water : 11. all 

 summer ^ 



* FUoanmU /<>/"/ ami sl<->nfi r, ?'. c. iis font/ as flu- li>it'iir-<>?>/</'/ anthers. 

 S. lancifdlia. Common from Virginia!^.: with the stout leave- 1-" 

 and scapes 2 -5 high, the coriaceous blftdeof the former lance-oblong and 



