Table II. — Total Man Minutes Per 1000 Chicks 

 Routine Indoor Brooding Operations on Farm D 



February 18 

 March 3 

 March 17 

 March 31 

 April 14 



the birds grew older and consumed 



larger quantities. 



H. C. Woodworth 

 and E. C. Perry 



Good Pasture and Hay-land Man- 

 agement Increases Farm Income. The 

 management problems in developing 

 improved cropping and pasture pro- 

 grams and in farm reorganization 

 were observed on 10 farms for a 

 period of 10 years (1937 to 1946). 

 The improvement practices adopted 

 by each farmer were carefully plan- 

 ned to fit the needs of each individual 

 case. The changes in practices were 

 not made in any one year but were 

 carried out as rapidly as time and 

 funds were available to the individual 

 operator. 



On the 10 farms, 45 acres of rough 

 pasture land were bulldozed, prepar- 

 ed, fertilized, and seeded for pasture. 

 Areas of rough or less desirable till- 

 age land were limed, fertilized, and 

 diverted to permanent pasture. 

 Areas of plowable permanent pasture 

 were plowed, fertilized, and reseeded. 

 In all, the amount of improved pas- 

 ture was increased from 26 to 240 

 acres. In addition, 103 acres of till- 

 age land, which had formerly been 



32.2 min. 

 27.8 min. 

 21.8 min. 



14.3 min. 

 12.2 min. 



used for crop production only, were 

 shifted to a crop-pasture rotation. 



The application of fertilizers on 

 the 10 farms increased from 32 tons, 

 in 1937, to 104.5 tons, in 1946. 

 Lime applications were increased 

 from 46 tons to 249 tons in the same 

 period. Cow numbers were adjusted 

 to the increase in available roughage 

 and pasture. 



At the end of 10 years the farms 

 carried 20 per cent more cows, pro- 

 duced 43 per cent more milk, and 

 increased total yields of feed nutri- 

 ents by 39 per cent. 



Most of the improvements made 

 in the 10-year period were associated 

 with current production programs 

 resulting in additional current in- 

 come. 



A comparison of the net incomes 

 for the years 1937 and 1946, esti- 

 mated on the basis of 1946 prices 

 for both years, indicates that average 

 net farm incomes had been increased 

 by over $2,000. Improvements in 

 roughage and pasture production and 

 in farm organization were largely re- 

 sponsible for this increase in net in- 

 come per farm. 



M. F. Abell 



Crops and Pastures 



With What Grass Should Ladino 

 Clover be Seeded for Pasture? A 

 number of pastures were seeded in 

 1942 and 1943 with mixtures of la- 

 dino clover and each of various tall 

 grasses. Although the differences in 

 yield were slight, the ladino clover- 



smooth brome grass mixture led all 

 others. (See chart, page 8.) 



Examination in 1947, five and six 

 years after seeding, indicated that as 

 much ladino clover remained in the 

 smooth brome mixture as in any 

 other combination and that there was 



