the leaders of this project to fit the 

 particular situation. With this push- 

 er, one trip at a normal walking gait 

 around the circle of the feeding al- 

 ley, traveling- a total distance of 210 

 feet in one minute, served the pur- 

 pose. How much sweeping is essen- 

 tial may be a personal matter, but 

 twice a day should be sufficient. 



The design of the manger has a 

 great deal to do with the habit of 

 cows in nosing feed into the alley. 

 One operator, in remodelling his 

 stable, built a flat bottomed level type 

 manger. The manger extends out 

 from the stanchion on the level for 

 two feet and then rises only three 

 inches to the feed alley (Fig. 34). 

 Cows do not throw the feed around 

 very much. Fewer trips and less 

 time is required to push it back. 



Cleaning Manger 



Practices in regard to cleaning the 

 mangers varied greatly. One opera- 

 tor swept the manger twice daily with 

 a small broom averaging about 15 

 man minutes daily on a 40-cow basis. 

 On another farm, the operator cleaned 



the manger less than once a week. 

 The need for a thorough frequent 

 cleaning apparently depends on the 

 type and quality of the feed. 



The operator who cleaned the man- 

 ger only occasionally seemed to have 

 clean mangers. He was a heavy 

 feeder and yet the cows seemed to 

 clean up the feed in the mangers. The 

 flat-bottomed manger is more easily 

 cleaned than the curved manger. A 

 wooden pusher designed to fit the 

 mangers or a push broom of the right 

 size can be ased. 



A curved push broom with stiff 

 fibre was made for one operator who 

 had the conventional curved manger. 

 A stock steel broom 34 inches wide 

 was bent to conform to the curve on 

 the manger. One trip around the 

 feeding circle was adequate except 

 when there were large accumulations 

 of uneaten roughage. 



Some of the labor directed to clean- 

 ing mangers and frequent pushing of 

 feed to the cows results from short 

 periods of under-employment. Where 

 one worker is waiting for another 

 because of faulty timing, he tends to 



Fig. 34. Level mangers lessen the scattering of feed by cows. 



37 



