64 COPEPODA 



and 2I /6 1900. In Davis Strait mature males were taken J / 7 1895 and at Egedesminde etc. in 6 samples 

 from 2 3/ 7 b / 9 1890. 



From the north of Iceland males were taken '/ 8 1896; from the Faeroes and the Norwegian Sea, 

 south-east of these Islands, they were taken in 5 samples from ?/ 8 _ J 7/ 8 . 



As only very few samples were taken from the explored regions at other seasons (from Norwe- 

 gian Seas none June July 189596), we do not know if propagating took place at other seasons. 



Mature females were taken in Denmark Strait ^/..so/j 1895, in Davis Strait 2 5/ 6 _z8/ 7 j^o^ and 

 2 3/ 7 6 / 9 1892, south-west of Iceland '3/ 6 1896, south of Iceland '3/ 5 : 9/ 5 1896, ?/ 8 1896 and 2 5, 9 1900, 

 south-east of Iceland "/ 5 16 ' 5 1895, 20 / 5 1896, north-east of Iceland IO / 7 2 ?/ 7 1896, "i 6 *$i 6 1900 and 

 "/ 7 1901, south-east of the Faeroes 4/ 5 and r 9' 8 1895, 4/ 5 6 / 5 and l6 / 8 1896. The copepodites (V IV) 

 were practically found in samples from the same dates, the only interesting exception being their 

 occurrence at Disco Bay 9/ IQ 1892; the copepodites (III, II) were only found at very few stations, pro- 

 bably on account of their small sue. 



Distribution. The Pseudocalanus minntus Kr. has its main distribution over the northern 

 part of the Atlantic Ocean, on the west side as far south as the Gulf of St. Laurence, and on the east 

 as far south as 35 Lat. North; it has been mentioned from the Black Sea, the Gulf of Suez and the 

 Mediterranean. In the Arctic Ocean it is known from Baffius Bay to the New Siberian Islands, and 

 has once been recorded from the west coast of North America (Puget Sound). 



Farran, mainly on material collected by the International Investigations, has given a fairly 

 exhaustive account of its distribution and the points of its biology. It is most often abundant in the 

 Baltic, except in the Gulf of Bothnia, in the Belts, Kattegat, Skagerak, along the coast of Norway, 

 in the English Channel, the Irish Sea and in coastal waters on the south and west coasts of Ireland. 

 "In the North Sea south of 55 it is always present but usually scarce, sometimes abundant". In the 

 north-west of Scotland, there is an indication of periodicity in its occurrence as well as of curious 

 variation from year to year; it was common in August 1903, moderate in August 1904 and 1906, scarce 

 in August 1907, and absent or almost absent in August 1905. In the Fseroe and the Fseroe-Icelaud chan- 

 nel the recorded distribution is somewhat irregular; during several years it has been found fairly common 

 in May and August (in 1906 almost absent). "On the south and west coast of Iceland it is generally 

 distributed in the open sea ten miles or more from shore, but it is usually rare, and often absent from 

 the tow-nettings. In the coastal waters it may be found frequently, and often forms large shoals". On 

 the north coast of Iceland it has been recorded by Paulsen. 



In the Norwegian Sea and southern Arctic Ocean between Jan Mayen and Iceland on the west 

 and Norway on the east it is in any case sometimes common or abundant 



On the west coast of Greenland it has been recorded by Van h of fen from Umanak Fjord 

 (1897) and rather abundantly from the surface down to 240 m. adults as well as copepodites by 

 Stephensen from Northern Stromfjord about 674O Lat. North (range of temperature o to 3-2 C.). 



From the east coast of Greenland it has been recorded by Cleve 74i5 Lat. N. i8i5 Long. 

 W. and by Koefoed, who has found specimens (1-42 to 17 mm. long) at 4 Stations between /8O9 

 and 7735 Lat. North, and i4oi and i8o2 Long. West from the surface down to 65 met. (Temperat. 

 -r-ro r-i7C.), which he thinks ought to be referred to Ps. clongatus rather than to Ps. graciUs. 



