74 CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 



South-West of Iceland: Lat. 6346' N., Long. 2256' W., 80 fath. ; hundreds of specimens. 



Lat. 63i5' N., Long. 2223' W., 114172 fath.; i specimen. 

 South of Iceland: Lat. 6342' N., Long. i734' W., 18 40 fath.; i specimen. 

 Mag. W. Lundbeck has secured specimens at the north-west side of Iceland in 0nundar Fjord, 

 ii 12 fath; Dr. A. C. Johansen gathered it in two places at Iceland, viz. at the south-east coast in Loons 







Vik, 40 fath., and near the south coast at Vestman Islands, 68 70 fath. 



Distribution. Found in the eastern part of Kattegat and the northern part of the Sound, 12 to 

 30 fath. (Meinert, H. J. Hansen, W. Bjorck) ; the "Thor" captured it two times in Skager Rak, 100 and 133 

 fath. At Norway captured in several places from Christiania Fjord to Vadso "in depths below 60 fathoms" 

 (G. O. Sars). The "Thor" gathered it in the middle western part of the North Sea at Lat. 56^' N., Long. 

 i47' E., 45 fath., and Th. Scott records it from the western side of Scotland in the Firth of Clyde. 



VII. The Order Nebaliacea. 



Of this very small but extremely interesting order a single species has been known from Greenland 

 since 1780. The "Ingolf" captured another species described from Norway. More than these 2 species cannot 

 be expected to live in our area. 



The four main-papers both on genera and species and on morphological structure, etc. have been 

 published by Claus in, 1888, by G. O. Sars in 1887 and 1896, and by Joh. Thiele in 1904. A paper by Joh. 

 Thiele: "Beobachtungen iiber die Phylogenie der Crustaceenbeine" (1905), may be named, because it deals 

 at some length with the appendages in Nebaliacea, but its ideas have never been and will scarcely ever be 

 accepted by Zoologists with real knowledge of Crustacea. - - In 1904 W. T. Caiman published a valuable 

 paper on the classification of the Malacostraca, and in his excellent hand-book (1909) the Zoologist will find a 

 good view on the organization and position in the system of the series Leptostraca with the single recent 

 order, the Nebaliacea. 



In the present paper the morphological structure of the appendages in this order is treated, as I 

 cannot accept the statements published by Claus, Sars or Thiele ; the general outline of an appendage and 

 the old idea that in Crustacea the sympod (or protopod) of legs etc. typically consists of two joints, or besides 

 some superficial observations on musculature, have been the basis of their interpretations. It may be added 

 that the investigation is a section of earlier studies on the morphology of the appendages, etc., of Arthropoda 

 to be completed and published in a not too remote future. 



The idea, on which the study is based, is that one ought to examine the chitinized pieces in appen- 

 dages of Crustacea (or Arthropoda) quite as a Zoologist examines the ossified parts in legs of Vertebrates, 

 or the movable and immovable bones in heads of Pisces and Reptiles for comparison with the elements in 

 birds or mammals. And as to the mouth-parts my point of departure is that their lobes are processes on the 

 inner side from the joints, consequently a chitinized piece on the free posterior or lower side of each lobe 

 in maxillulae, maxillae, maxillipeds, must be connected with the chitinized outer part of the joint, to which 



I 



each lobe belongs. 



