ECHINOIDEA. I. 



but frequent are the reddish or dark, almost black specimens; a fine violet specimen may now and 

 then be found (PI. I. Figs. 56. PI. II. Figs. 35). 



Rodger (333. p. 163) speaks of an extraordinary variety of Str. drobachicnsis, with enormous 

 pedicellaris. 1 . It must decidedly be asserted that a variety cannot be established characterized by 

 especially large pedicellarise ; the size of the globiferous pedicellariae (and they are certainly meant) is 

 so very varying, that it would be a quite absurd thing to distinguish different forms by this feature; 

 the difference in size is, moreover, increased by the neck of the pedicellarise being now stretched out, 

 now retracted. We might with more probability expect to find a difference of importance in the 

 tridentate pedicellarise, but the different varieties cannot be distinguished by means of those either. 

 A Yar. with slender, reddish spines >, mentioned by Verrill (416. p. 504), is scarcely better characterized 

 than the other varieties. 



There are in the literature a few statements of other regular Echinids from the North-European 

 seas. Agassiz (10) enumerates Echinus nielo among Echinids from the Faroe-Channel, but adds: 

 there is nothing new. Here must, I think, be some mistake, and I must quite agree with Bell 

 (Catal. p. 155) that Ech. inclo cannot on this basis be included in the fauna of the North-European 

 seas - - quite apart from the question, whether Ech. melo can upon the whole be kept up as a 

 distinct species. 



Dalla Torre (108. p. 92) mentions iStrongylocentrotus* lividus from Helgoland; this is, no 

 doubt, a confounding with Str. drobachicnsis, which latter is not named. Further Herdmann 

 (194. p. 89) mentions Str. lividiis from Norway without further informations; this is surely also 

 a mistake. The Norwegian coast-fauna has been so excellently examined by so many eminent 

 Norwegian naturalists, that it is quite inconceivable that this large, fine Echinid should have been 

 overlooked. Finally SI niter (371. p. 70) states to have a specimen of Sph&rechinus granularis from 

 Denmark. Unfortunately we must relinquish our claim to the joy of having this beautiful and inter- 

 esting Echinid in our seas; the northermost locality, from which it is known, is the Channel Isles. 

 (Bell. Catalogue, p. 106). 



Table of the Echinids of the Families Echinidae and Toxopneustidse 1 ) occurring' in the northern Atlantic 



and the Mediterranean. 



1. The spicules simply bihamate, the globiferous pedicellariae 

 with i more lateral teeth on either side 2. 



The spicules branched at the ends or dumb-bell-shaped, 

 the globiferous pedicellarise without lateral teeth 13. 



2. The pores Ingeminate 3. 



multigeminate Paraccntrotus lividus (Lamk.). 



3. The globiferous pedicellarise with the edges of the blade 

 fine, projecting into several large indentations on either 

 side; no cross-beams connect the edges across the inside. . 4. 



M In this table the species Echinus gracilis, atlanticus, and lucidus have been included, so that it comprises all 

 sure Echinus-species. 



