ECHINOIDEA. II. 



33 



from the deep station off Cape Verde, lent me the coloured figure made on board the Valdivia from 

 the living animal. Further, Professor Theel sent me all the material of Echinocyamus from the Jo- 

 sephina -Expedition. I wish here to express my deep gratitude to these gentlemen for their great 

 liberality. I have also received two specimens of Echinocyamus pusillus from the Paris Museum from 

 the .Travailleur (or Talisman) 2100 M. The result of a careful study of all this material has 

 been that most of these specimens proved identical with the American form, and that yet a third 

 species is represented by some specimens from the greater depths, whereas the true Echinocyamus pu- 

 sillus is only found among those from more shallow water. The two new species are described here 

 under the names Echinocycumis grandiporus and Ech. macrostomus. 



Echinocyamus grandiporus n. sp. The shape of the test (PI. XII. Figs, i, 5) is, as a general 

 rule, more rounded than in pusillus, scarcely broader at the posterior than at the anterior end, which 

 is almost invariably the case in the latter species. Also the height of the test is generally a little 

 larger than in pusilhts. On account of the great variability in pusillus, the shape of the test cannot, 

 however, afford any very reliable character, the more so, as some variability occurs also in grandiporus 

 in this respect, though not so much by far as in pusillus. 



The madreporic plate is a little elevated and generally somewhat larger than in pusillus ; the 

 peristome and anal area are generally not larger than in that species. The anal area is small, a little 

 nearer the edge of the test than is the case in pusillus. The peristome may be more or less pentagonal; 

 the edge is only slightly bent inwards, and the whole actinal side is more flat than is generally the 

 case in pusillus. The apical system presents a conspicuous difference from piisillus. The ocular pores 

 are very large, as large as or even a little larger than the genital pores; the 4 genital pores and 5 

 ocular pores form together a conspicuous circle or pentagon round the madreporic plate with its one 

 madreporic pore in the same position as in pusillus. (In one iastance I have found a genital pore 

 developed in the odd posterior interambulacrum). This feature makes a very easily observable char- 

 acter distinguishing this species from pusillus; in accordance herewith it may be said almost with 

 certainty that the Fig. 3. PI. XI. e in Revision of Echini is the true pusillus, whereas those figured 

 on PI. XIII. i 8 are grandiporus, which is also seen by an examination of the number and arrange- 

 ment of the ambulacral pores in these figures. - - It will be noticed that in the Fig. 6. PI. XIII of the 

 Revision;- 5 very small pores are represented between the five large ocular pores in the place of 

 the genital pores. I have myself seen a specimen, 5'5 mni in length, in which the genital openings are 

 much smaller than the ocular pores. The figure mentioned may thus well represent such a specimen; 

 the presence of 5 genital openings may, of course, be possible, since it can be found among specimens 

 with the genital pores of the usual size; but, in any case, if the figure be correct, it represents an 

 abnormal individual. The shape of the petals in this figure is, otherwise, not in accordance with what 

 is generally found in grandiporus, so that it seems probable that the differences shown in this figure 

 from other specimens of grandiporus are due to incorrect drawing. The small size of the genital pores 

 in the case mentioned will probably be due to an abnormal late development of the pores. That the 

 specimens with the small pores should represent the males is very unlikely; in that case their 

 number would certainly be considerably larger. 



The IngolC-Kxpedition. IV. -. c 



