124 



ECHINOIDEA. II. 



Principal Literature : O. Fr. M tiller: Zoologise Danicse Prodromus. 1776. (No. 285O). 1 Zoologia 

 Danica. 1788. p. 5. Tab. VI. -- Leske: Additamenta ad J. Th. Kleinii Nat. Disp. Ech. 1788. p. 170 (235). 

 Tab. XL/HI. Figs. 3 5. XL/V. Fig. 5. Philippi: Beschreibung einiger neuen Echinodermen etc. Arch. 

 f. Naturgesch. 1845. I. p. 350. Gray: Catalogue of the Recent Echinida in the Collection of the 

 Brit. Mus. I. Echinida Irregularia. 1855. p-47- PI. III. i. -- L. Agassiz & Desor: Catalogue raisonne. 

 p. 112. Sars: Norges Echinodermer. p. 99. Middelhavets Littoralfauna. p. 118. A. M. Norman: 

 Shetland Final Dredging Report. II. Crustacea Echinodermata etc. Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1868. p. 315. 



- H. Bolau (82). p. 3. A. Agassiz: Revision of Echini, p. 158, 565 (Numerous figures). -- L,oven: 

 Etudes sur les Echinoidees. PI. XXXVI. On Pourtalesia. PI. X. Fig. 109. XII. 145. XVIII. 20919. - 

 Koehler (217). p. 127. - Perrier: Recherches sur les Pedicellaires. p. 178. PI. VII. Figs. 4, 7. Maz- 

 zetti: Catologo degli Echinidi fossili d. Coll. Mazzetti esistente nella R. Univ. di Modena. Mem. Acad. 

 Modena. (2) XL 1896. p. 425. Fig. 6. Grieg: Oversigt nordl. Norges Echinodermer. p. 33. -- L/udwig: 

 Echinodermen d. Mittelmeeres. p. 560. Bell: Catalogue British Ech. p. 165. PI. XVI. 10. Hoyle: 

 Revised List British Ech. p. 424. - - Doderlein: Arktische Seeigel. Fauna Arctica. IV. p. 383. Die 

 Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. p. 260. Taf. XXXIII. 2. XLVIII. i. 



Non: A. Agassiz: Challenger -Echinoidea. p. 171. - - Verrill: Results of the Explorations 

 Albatross in 1883. p. 551. 



Several other less important literary references are found in the works quoted of Bell and 

 L-udwig, and in the Revision of Echini. 



Of this very well known and often described and figured species I have only a little to remark. 



The test is very often unequally developed, one side (always (?) the right) being somewhat 

 prominent in front of the other (PI. II. Fig. 8); the specimens from the Faroe Islands especially show 

 this feature very distinctly and almost constantly, but I have seen it just as distinct in specimens 

 from the Kattegat and from the Mediterranean. Even in a specimen only i6' nm in length this obliquity 

 is already distinctly seen. -- The largest specimen I have seen (from Roscoff) is ii5 mm long, 117""" 

 broad (6o mm high); though differing from the usual form in being broader than long it undoubtedly 

 belongs to this species. Some specimens from the Doggerbank show a remarkable deformity, the 

 actinal plastron being quite hollow. (Similar deformities also occur in Brissopsis lyrifcra and Echiiw- 

 cardium ftavescens from the North Sea). 



The pedicellariae are rather well known. Perrier (loc. cit.) and Agassiz (Rev. of Ech. PI. XXVL 

 Figs. 24 - 27) have described and figured the two forms of tridentate pedicellarice. Another form, the 

 triphyllous pedicellarise, has been described, but not figured, by Koehler (loc. cit). The most impor- 

 tant contribution, however, is given by Doderlein (Op. cit), who gives good photographic figures of 

 the different forms of tridentate and of the triphyllous pedicellariae. My figures of these forms were 

 made a long time before Professor Doderlein's work was published; as they show several minute 

 details more distinctly than Doderlein's figures, I think it not superfluous to publish some of them. 



- Besides these forms of pedicellarise I have also found ophicephalous ones, whereas globiferous pedi- 

 cellarise have not been found. Doderlein (Echinoiden d. deutsch. Tiefsee-Exp. p. 262) has found a 



1 Agassiz puts a question mark at this quotation; there cannot, however, be the slightest doubt that this species 

 is really meant, since Miiller in Zoologia Danica* himself refers to this place, and the diagnosis is the same. 



