PENNATULIDA. 



not done, in so far as he has made a mistake in the comparison with regard to one form, Renilla. 

 Kolliker decided, without further explanation, that the most naked surface in all bilateral Pennatulids 

 was to be termed the ventral side; now, in all pennate and spicate forms the most naked side is really 

 homologous, being the centrifugal sides; it is easily seen however that the naked underside of the 

 reniform disc is the centripetal side, new polyps budding only at the margin of the disc, and the 

 direction of their development is seen to be away from the centre of the polyp-bearing overside. 

 This may be seen in every specimen of Renilla; but it has been further proved by the examination 

 of its development by Wilson. From his examination it is also seen that the naked side of the 

 Renilla corresponds to the ventral or sulcar side of the primary polyp; but Wilson has not seen either 

 that it corresponds to Kolliker's dorsal side in the other Pennatulids; I have, however, proved this 

 fact in my treatise, quoted above, on Pennatula phosphorea. Nevertheless the matter does not seem to 

 be understood yet with regard to Renilla; Delage and Herouard (Traite de Zoologie concrete, T. 2, 

 2, 1901) take the same erroneous view as Kolliker, so does Moroff; whether it is also the view of 

 Bourne is not distinctly seen, but from his endeavours to derive Renilla from an Umbcllula-VCke. 

 original form I am inclined to think so. To prevent any misconception in future I figure here a Renilla 

 and a Pennatula, seen from the same -- homologous -- side, the side I designate as the dorsal one. 



Remarks on the systematic classification of the Pennatulids. 



Recent authors have generally adopted the system set forth by Kolliker in the Challenger 

 Report vol. I, 1880. According to this, the order Pcnnatulida is divided into four groups (sections), in 

 the first three of which the colony has a bilateral formation; when the sub-sections are omitted this 

 system is as follows: 



I. Pennatulece. 



Fam. Ptcroeidida. 



Pteroeides Herkl. 



Godcffroya K611. 



Sarcophyllum K611. 

 Fam. Pennatulids. 



Pennatula Lam. 



Lcioptilum Verr. 



Ptilosarcus Gray. 



Halisceptrum Herkl. 

 Fam. Virgularida. 



Virgularia Lam. 



Scytalium Herkl. 



Pavonaria K611. 



Fam. Stylatulida:. 



Stylatula Verr. 

 Diibenia Kor. & Dan. 

 Acanthoptilum K611. 



II. Spicatce. 



Fam. Funiculinidce. 



Funiculina Lam. 



Halipteris K611. 

 Fam. Stachyptilidce. 



Stachyptiluin K611. 

 Fam. A nthoptilidcE. 



Anthoptilum Koll. 

 Fam. KophobelemnonidcE. 



Kophobclemnon Asbjorns. 



