PENNATULIDA. 



'3 



The ii specimens brought home by the steamer Thor from the south of Iceland, are, as 

 already indicated, of an intense, deep-red to violet colour; size and other proportions are given below: 



None of the first ten specimens show any distinct terminal polyp; some (Nr. i, 4, 5, and 7), on 

 the other hand, have a distinct terminal zooid, in Nr. i with a spiniform, large, but distinctly two- 

 pointed calyx; in some, rudimentary wings with reduced polyps are found at the apex; in some 

 distinct top-zooids. Nr. 10 is a torn-off pen, not quite complete below. In the specimen Nr. ii (from 

 St. 166), on the contrary, the terminal polyp and terminal zooid are well developed; in spite of its 

 slight size it may already be recognized quite distinctly as belonging to the species aculeata; a 

 few of the zooids are not only larger than the others already, but have also the long calyx-tooth 

 distinctly marked; moreover, the specimen is of the same dark, violet-red colour as the ten specimens 

 from St. 167. 



Pcnnatula aculeata is originally known from the western coast of Norway; it is here (see 

 Grieg 30, p. 9) said to go farther north than P. phosphor ea, viz. to the Lofotens, and to greater depths 

 (400 fathoms); it seems not to have been found farther south than Askevold (Sondfjord). Later it has 

 been found by the English expeditions of the Porcupine, Triton, and Knight Errant at the 

 following places in the Atlantic: west of Brittany (48 26' N. Lat. 9 44' W. Long., 358 fathoms); north- 

 west of Rona (the Hebrides) (59 40' N. Lat. 7 13' W. Long., 556 fathoms, and 59 37' N. Lat 7 19' W. Long., 

 520 fathoms) ; further, by the Prince of Monaco near the Azores (38 34' 30" N. Lat. 30 43' 30" W. Long., 

 1287 M.); by the French expedition of the Caudan in the Bay of Gascony (46 28' N. Lat 7 W.Long. '), 

 1710 M.); by the Travailleur, west of the Spanish peninsula (P. Fischer, 23, p. 38). To these loca- 

 lities are to be added as new ones: south of the Vestman-Islands, 63 5' N. Lat. 20 7' W. Long., 557 M. 

 (the <Thor, St. 167, "/ 7 1903), and 52 57' N. Lat. 19 58' W. Long., depth 956 M. (the Thor, St 166, 

 ! V 7 1903). The species is not known from the North Sea nor the adjoining seas, the Skager Rak, 

 Kattegat etc., nor from the Mediterranean. On the American side of the Atlantic it is very common, 

 and is hitherto known from the Gulf of St Lawrence as its northernmost locality (Whiteaves), to off 

 Chesapeake Bay. To this occurrence on the American coast is to be added the new locality, St 25 of 

 the Ingolf , Davis Straits, 63 30' N. Lat. 54 25' W. Long., 582 fathoms, by which observation its northern 

 limit on the American side has been carried considerably farther north. According to the above, this 

 species is assuredly to be regarded as a purely North-Atlantic one; it is not known south of the 

 Azores, nor on the American side farther south than 33 N. Lat (Agassiz: Three Cruises of the 



') Reckoned from the meridian of Paris. 



