PENNATULIDA. 47 



in their opinion, justifies the establishement of the new genus, which is placed between Halipteris and 

 Funiculina. From a cursory examination of the large specimens of Flalipteris of a meter or more, 

 the resemblance, to be sure, is not very conspicuous; in most polyps of large specimens the edge 

 of the calyx seems often but little formed, as for instance is shown in the figure of Kolliker 

 (Monogr. PI. XVII, 146147). A closer examination, however, of any toleiably well-preserved specimen 

 will always show a larger or smaller number of polyps, especially among the younger ones, for 

 instance in the lower end of the rhachis, in which the two calyx-teeth so conspicuous in Lygomorpha 

 are quite distinctly seen, and even rather long; and when once seen they may be traced in almost all 

 the polyp-calyxes. In the figures of Koren and Danielssen of the adult Halipteris in Fauna litt. 

 Norveg. 2' 1 part, PI. XII (figs. 7 10) they are also given very distinctly, and in the text it is said that 

 the calyces are of a ^conical form and end upward in two points*. Kolliker says (Monogr. p. 244): 

 Miindung ganzrandig mit einem kurzen Zahn und einer demselben entsprechenden schwachen Leiste 

 an der unteren ventralen Seite, und swacher Andeutung eines ahnlichen Vorsprunges am gegeniiber- 

 liegenden Rande. Of the two ventral teeth also, the one which the polyp turns toward the naked 

 dorsal surface of the rhachis is generally the most developed. It is evidently this tooth that Grieg 

 has remarked upon in his description of . Protoptilum tortum*, whilst he has overlooked the other. 

 All other features, in which Lygomorpha Sarsii might seem to deviate from Halipteris christii, are only 

 such as are a consequence of its being a young stage: the arrangement and smaller number of the 

 polyps, the small size of the colony etc. 



Next we come to some (3) specimens of lengths from 234 3io mml ); they were labelled Sfic/i- 

 optilum arcticum* Grieg. Vadso. 30 40 fathoms. G. O. Sars. Grieg has described them in Bergens 

 Mus. Aarb. 1886, p. 15 and p. 21, and given figures 1. c. PI. VIII and IX; of the calyx he says p. 16: 

 The edge is provided with eight small, little prominent spines. The spicules are numerous in the cell, 

 being especially found in large numbers in one side of the spines, whilst the other side is without 

 spicules (PI. IX, fig. 6). The spicules never project over the edge, they are mostly placed longitudin- 

 ally, and are narrow, pointed, o.2io mm longs. I must suppose that the statement here should be in 

 the spines of one (the ventral) sides ; and the fig. 6 quoted above shows the two ventral calyx-teeth 

 which I find in the polyps of all these specimens; as in the grown specimens, one of the calyx-teeth is 

 even the stronger one in most individuals. What has given Grieg the notion of the other six teeth 

 is only slight undulations ot the edge of the calyx; they may also often be seen in large Halipteris, 

 and I take them to be the last traces of the equipment that must be said to be typical of the Penna- 

 tulids. Also with regard to the arrangement and number of polyps, these .Stichoptilum, in accordance 

 with their greater size, are nearer to the //#/z/^7Tr-character than is Lygomorpha^. For the rest, 

 Grieg has himself later observed the resemblance with the latter; in Ovs. Norg. Penn. (Berg. Mus. 

 Aarb. 1891) p. 22 he says: When I enumerate these two species (viz. Protoptilum tortum and Stichop- 

 tilum articum\ it is not without some hesitation; they ought perhaps, to be enumerated as varieties 

 of Lygomorpha Sarst}\ which they resemble very closely . (The succeeding observations on the varia- 



') Between these and the preceeding, the above mentioned type-specimen of Protoptilum tortum. 14311111 long, and 

 the *Lyf0morpfa*-fragment, 136"! long, from Kristianssund, fit in with regard to development and size. 



